Unit 5: Personality

Question 1

questionnaire used in universities and businesses for personnel selection and research

Answer 1

16 personality factor questionnaire

Question 2

drive of individual to reach the biological potential or blueprint

Answer 2

actualizing tendency

Question 3

Freud, psychosexual stage of development; age: 18 months-3 years; focus: anus-retention/expulsion of species; task: to successfully learned toilet training; conflict: id derives pleasure from retention/expulsion

Answer 3

anal stage

Question 4

Anima

Answer 4

Jung; female archetype as expressed in a man; masculine side of a woman

Question 5

Animus

Answer 5

male archetype as expressed in a woman; feminine side of a man

Question 6

powerful motivating force; individuals reaction to real/imagine dangers

Answer 6

Anxiety

Question 7

type of trait theory; five basic traits: extroversion (where you draw energy from), conscientiousness (dependability), agree ability (how you get along with others), emotional stability (self-explanatory), openness (culture, new experiences)

Answer 7

big five

Question 8

behavior is a product of the interaction of cognitive (thinking), learning, and past experiences; unique to each person

Answer 8

cognitive-social learning theory

Question 9

memories/behavior patterns inherited from past generations; shared by all humans

Answer 9

collective unconscious

Question 10

a person’s effort to overcome imagined or real personal weakness

Answer 10

compensation

Question 11

ego

Answer 11

part of the personality that mediates between the selfishness of the id and the conscientiousness of the superego

Question 12

Extrovert

Answer 12

aspect used in MBTI; Jung; one of two general attitude types; taken at the interest in the world and events around them, turn attention toward external world; energy is gained from outside or external sources; everyone contains both, one is dominant (extro-, introvert)

Question 13

fixation

Answer 13

Freudian; partial or complete halt at one of the psychosexual stages of development; when individual fails to complete the psychosexual task successfully; can be expressed as personality traits

Question 14

Freud, psychosexual stage of development; age: 12+; focus: genitals; task: intimate and sexual relationships; conflict: if fixated in previous stages, it may reappear

Answer 14

genital stage

Question 15

id

Answer 15

Freudian; unconscious urges and desires; selfish needs; operates on pleasure principle-any means to satisfy need; which fulfillment-mental object/situation to relieve the feeling

Question 16

aspect used in MBTI; Jung; one of two general attitude types; caught up in personal world, unsociable, lack confidence in dealing with people; energy is gained from within self, long exposure to people is draining; one is dominant (extro-, introvert)

Answer 16

introvert

Question 17

Freud, psychosexual stage of development; age: 6-12; sexual drive lies dormant, focuses on social nature and development of friendships, seen as period of repression (as sexual drives), all libido energy is poured into school and sports

Answer 17

Latency period

Question 18

Oedipus/Electra complex

Answer 18

Freud, conflict of psychosexual stages; phallic stage, ages 3-6; consists of a transition in the phallic stage; child competes the same-sex parent were opposite gender parent’s attention; can manifest in later personality-male: castration anxiety, dominant, tries to prove self, marries “mom”; female: penis envy, submissive, dates older men (like dad)

Question 19

Freud, psychosexual stage of development; age: 0-18 months; focus: oral cavity; task: transition from bottle/breast to solid food; conflict: id derives pleasure from sucking/excepting into mouth; if child fails to complete tasks, (s)he becomes fixated; fixations-underindulged oral-suspicious, sarcastic, pessimistic, trust issues; overindulged oral-clingy, optimistic, gullible, needy

Answer 19

oral stage

Question 20

individual’s unique patterns of thought, feelings, and behavior that persist over time; unique, stable, enduring

Answer 20

personality

Question 21

Freud, psychosexual stage of development; age: 3-6 years; focus: genitals; task: Explorer genital region, develop a relationship with parents, especially same gender parent; conflict: Oedipus/Electra complex-child competes with same-sex parents were opposite sex parent’s attention; fixations-male-Castration Anxiety-because father possesses mother and therefore has power, dad “castrates” sign (removes power), must prove self, dominant, marries mother figure; female-penis envy-according to Freud penis equals power, submissive, dates older men

Answer 21

phallic stage

Question 22

Freud; id process by which the id seeks immediate gratification by any means necessary to receive pleasure and avoid pain; done in two ways-which fulfillment (day dream/dreams), ego processes

Answer 22

pleasure principal

Question 23

psychoanalysis

Answer 23

Freud’s theory of personality and form of therapy; based on bringing the conscious unconscious; uses techniques such as free association, dream interpretation, and transference

Question 24

super ego

Answer 24

Freud; “moral watchdog”; governs behavior by reality and morality, often taught by parents, church and/or community; standards develop through interaction; conscience; ego ideal

Question 25

unconscious

Answer 25

prominent in Freudian theory; ideas, thoughts, feelings of which we are not aware normally; basis of psychoanalysis