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Biology > Unit 5 - Mitosis Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Mitosis Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Evolution

(As it pertains to cells)

A

Cells have changed over time from the original prokaryote to the size they are today.

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2
Q

Cell Theory

A

All cells come from preexisting cells, cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are made up of cells.

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3
Q

G1

A

Step 1 of interphase: growth

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4
Q

G2

A

Step 3 of interphase: growth

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5
Q

Stem Cell

A

Undifferentiated cell capable of producing cells of the same type and differentiating into other cell types.

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6
Q

Cell Cycle

A

Sequence of growth and division of a cell.

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7
Q

Interphase

A

Largest phase of the cell cycle where cells grow and DNA is replicated

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8
Q

S phase

A

Step 2 of interphase: DNA is replicated

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9
Q

Chromosome

A

Condensed DNA found in nucleus

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10
Q

Diploid

A

Containing two complete sets of chromosomes

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11
Q

Haploid

A

Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

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12
Q

Somatic cell

A

A body cell; has a diploid number of chromosomes

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13
Q

Gamete

A

A sex cell (sperm/egg); has a haploid number of chromosomes

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14
Q

Chromatin

A

Composes eukaryotic chromosomes; consists of DNA, RNA, and protein

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15
Q

Nucleus

A

Helps control cell activities; contains DNA and is divided in mitosis

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16
Q

Prophase

A

1st step of mitosis: Chromosomes condense, nucleus breaks down

17
Q

Metaphase

A

2nd step of mitosis: chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

18
Q

Anaphase

A

3rd step in mitosis: chromosomes are pulled apart

19
Q

Telophase

A

4th step of mitosis: 2 new cells begin to form, nuclei reform

20
Q

Spindle fibers

A

Microtubules that form from centrioles

21
Q

Centriole

A

Form spindle fibers

22
Q

Sister chromatids

A

Two chromosomes attached at the centromere

23
Q

Centromere

A

Center of chromosome

24
Q

Cell plate

A

Rigid structure formed during cell division; precursor to new cell wall

Only in plant cells

25
Q

Cleavage furrow

A

Forms in animal cells to separate two new cells

26
Q

Mitosis

A

Part of the cell cycle in which cells divide their nucleus and DNA

27
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Part of the cell cycle in which cells divide their cytoplasm and organelles

28
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

An organism splits to create two new organisms

29
Q

Budding

A

New individuals form from a part of the original organism

30
Q

Sporulation

A

Production and release of spores

31
Q

Regeneration

A

Animal or plant tissue is regenerated to form new parts of organisms or cells

32
Q

Vegetative propagation

A

Multicellular structures become separated from the original plant and form new plants

Biology (7 decks)

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