Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Unit 1 - Biochemistry Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Biochemistry Vocab Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organic

A

Compounds that contain both carbon and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Inorganic

A

Compounds that don’t contain both carbon and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mono

A

1 sub unit (small part); building block of all macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Poly

A

Many sub units; many monomers bonded together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Immediate/quick energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glucose

A

A simple sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Glycogen

A

Animals store excess carbs in the liver and muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Starch

A

Plants store excess carbs (usually in roots) for long term storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cellulose

A

Plants use to build cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Monosaccharide

A

One sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Many sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipid

A

Long-term energy storage, insulation, cell membranes, waterproofing, steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phospholipid

A

A lipid with a phosphate group (cell membrane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Steroids

A

Chemical messengers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Triglyceride

A

Glycerol + 3 fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fatty acid

A

Tail of triglyceride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Glycerol

A

Head of triglyceride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Protein

A

Construction materials of body (bone + muscle), enzymes, regulate cell processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Amino acid

A

Monomer of a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Polypeptide chain

A

Polymer of a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hemogoblin

A

Helps the red blood cells carry oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Insulin

A

Secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Enzyme

A

A type of reusable protein that speeds up the rate of reaction

24
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Store and transmit genetic information (heredity); instructions for making proteins

25
Q

Nucleotide

A

Monomer of a nucleic acid

26
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

A weak bond that holds nitrogen bases together

27
Q

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A

Contains the sugar deoxyribose and is double stranded

28
Q

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

A

Contains the sugar ribose and is single stranded

29
Q

Catalyst

A

Used to increase the rate of a reaction

30
Q

Activation energy

A

The amount of energy required to undergo a process

31
Q

Reusable

A

To use again

32
Q

Specific

A

Clearly defined

33
Q

Substrate

A

The reactant that the enzyme will work on

34
Q

Active site

A

The region of an enzyme molecule which binds to the substrate

35
Q

Product

A

The final outcome of the reaction

36
Q

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

A

When the substrate bonds to the enzyme

37
Q

Denature

A

To alter or change

38
Q

Salinity

A

Amount of salt

39
Q

Synthesis

A

Making or building one product from two

40
Q

Decomposition

A

Breaking down one reactant into two products

41
Q

pH scale

A

A scale that measures how acidic or basic something is

42
Q

Test for simple carbs

A

Benedict’s Solution

43
Q

Benedict’s Solution

A

Test for simple carbs

44
Q

Test for complex carbs

A

Iodine/Lugol’s Solution

45
Q

Iodine/Lugol’s Solution

A

Test for complex carbs

46
Q

Test for proteins

A

Biuret’s Solution

47
Q

Biuret’s Solution

A

Test for proteins

48
Q

Test for lipids

A

Sudan Red

49
Q

Sudan Red

A

Test for lipids

50
Q

Starting color of Benedict’s Solution

A

Light blue

51
Q

Starting color of Iodine/Lugol’s Solution

A

Amber

52
Q

Starting color of Biuret’s Solution

A

Blue

53
Q

Starting color of Sudan Red

A

Red powder, not mixed

54
Q

Positive color of Benedict’s Solution

A

Red, orange or green if less

55
Q

Positive color of Iodine/Lugol’s Solution

A

Blackish blue

56
Q

Positive color of Biuret’s Solution

A

Purple

57
Q

Positive color of Sudan Red

A

Red (powder is mixed into solution)

Biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions