Unit 5 Lecture 2 Flashcards
What three joints articulate in the region of the elbow?
Humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar
What type of joint is the humeroulnar?
Hinge joint
What type of joint is the huneroradial?
Gliding joint
What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar?
Pivot joint
What movement does the proximal radioulnar joint do?
Supination
What ligaments are in the elbow?
Radial and ulnar collateral, and annular ligament
What does the annular ligament encircle?
Encircles the radial head and bind to ulna
What ligament do throwers often injury in their elbow?
Ulnar collateral ligament
When is injury of the ulnar collateral ligament prevalent?
Side arm pitching
What is Tommy John’s surgery?
Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction
What is the anterior muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints?
Biceps brachii, brachial is, brachioradialis, pronator teres, and pronator quadratus
What is the posterior muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints
Triceps brachii, anconeus, and supinator
Origin and insertion of biceps brachii?
Origin: scapula
Insertion: radius
Actions of the biceps brachii?
Shoulder flexion, elbow extension, radioulnar supination
Brachialis origin and insertion
Origin: humerus
Insertion: ulna
Action of brachialis
Elbow flexion
Origin and insertion of brachioradialis
Origin: humerus
Insertion: radius
Action of brachioradialis
Elbow flexion
Pronator teres origin and insertion
Origin: humerus and ulna
Insertion: radius
Action of pronator teres
Pronates radioulnar joint
Pronator quadratus origin and insertion
Origin: distal ulna
Insertion: distal radius
Action of pronator quadratus
Prime mover of radioulnar joint pronation
Triceps brachii origin and insertion
Origin: scapula and humerus
Insertion: ulna
Actions of triceps brachii
Prime mover of elbow extension, and stabilizes shoulder and shoulder adduction
Anconeus origin and insertion
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: ulna
Actions of anconeus
Synergistic of triceps in elbow extension
Supinator origin and insertion
Origin: humerus
Insertion: radius
Action of supinator
Prime mover of radioulnar supination
Flexor carpi radialis origin and insertion
Origin: medial epicondyle if humerus
Insertion: lateral side of hand
Actions of flexor carpi radialis
Wrist flexion and radial deviation
What tendon is used to guide for taking the pulse at the wrist?
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus origin and insertion
Origin: palm
Insertion: wrist flexion
What percent of the population is missing the palmaris longus?
14%
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral carpals
Actions of flexor carpi ulnaris
Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
What is also known as Golfer’s Elbow?
Medial epiconlyitis
Why does golfers elbow happen?
Repetitive stress injury to tendons of wrist flexor/pronator muscles on medial epicondyle
Flexor digitorum superficial origin and insertion
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, radius
Insertion: fingers 2-5
Actions of flexor digitorum superficials
Wrist and finger flexion
Flexor digitorum profundus origin and insertion
Origin: ulna
Insertion: fingers 2-5
Actions of the flexor digitorum profundus
Wrist and finger flexion
The flexor digitorum profundus is the only muscle that can flex what?
Only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral hand
Actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris
Wrist extension and ulnar deviation
Extensor digitorum origin and insertion
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: fingers 2-5
Actions of extensor digitorum
Wrist and finger extension
What is the muscle also known as tennis elbow?
Lateral epicondylitis
Why does tennis elbow happen?
Repetitive stress injury to tendons of wrist extensor/supinator muscles
Why do forearm fractures occur?
Falling on outstretched hand
What usually fractures in forearm fractures
Both ulna and radius
Why is immobilization of the elbow important in forearm fractures?
To reduce movement at fracture site
What is Colles fracture?
Fracture of the distal radius
What is the common term of Colle’s fracture?
Broken wrist
How common is Colle’s fracture?
1 out of 10 fractures, very common in the US
Why does carpal tunnel syndrome occur?
Median nerve is swollen and irritated from excessive movement of the flexor tendons.
What position causes carpal tunnel syndrome?
Wrist extension
What other things cause carpal tunnel?
Cold temperature and when vibration is present
