Unit 5 Key Terms Flashcards
Intrinsic Motivation
behavior that is motivated by internal rewards like self-esteem or purpose
James-Lange Theory
When a physical response happens before the relative emotional response. Ex: If your heart is racing and your body is trembling then you’ll realize that you’re scared. NOT that you’re afraid, so your body trembles
Cannon-Bard Theory
That we experience physical and emotional reactions at the same time and that one is not caused by the other. Ex: Because you saw a spider you tremble and feel scared simultaneously
General Adaptation Syndrome
Hans Seyle’s research showing the three stages of the body’s psychological reaction to stress. Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
Maladaptive Coping Strategies
A coping strategy that fails to remove the stressors or wind up substituting one stressor for another
Adaptive Coping Strategies
A coping strategy that removes stressors or enable us to better tolerate them
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
A hypothesis that says when a person feels an emotion, it corresponds to facial expressions. (ex. The act of smiling can itself actually make you feel happier)
Stress
When a person experiences change that results in physical or mental strain
Stressors
Events that cause stress. These events can come internally or externally and can range from mild to severe
Eustress
The effect of a healthy amount of stress for a person’s well-being. (the right amount that creates motivation but isn’t too much)
Distress
When a person experiences events that are not pleasant. This can range from catastrophic events, to significant life changes, to minor hassles
Locus of Control
the degree to which people feel they have control over events that influence their lives
Internal Locus of Control
the belief that you have control over your life
External Locus of Control
the belief that external forces control your life
Emotion-focused coping
handling emotions that stem from stressful situations. ex) this situation makes me feel upset, so i am going to calm down
Problem-focused coping
removing the problem, therefore removing the feelings that stem from the problem. ex) this person makes me feel bad, so i am going to cut contact with them
Appraisal-focused coping
reevaluating a stressor as something positive instead of negative. ex) i don’t want to go to school, but at least i can see my friends
Instinct Theory
This theory is when people are motivated to behave in particular ways because they are genetically or evolutionarily programmed to do things in a survival instinct.
Drive-Reduction Theory
Physiological needs create an aroused tension state ( a drive) that motivates an organism that satisfies the needs.
Arousal Theory
Human motivation that aims to create a specific amount of arousal (optimal arousal)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
People are usually motivated through a hierarchy of needs: Physiological needs –> Safety needs –> Social needs –> Esteem needs –> Self-actualization/transcendence
Incentive Theory
We are pulled into action by –positive or negative– outside incentives
