Unit 5 Key Terms

Question 1

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 1

behavior that is motivated by internal rewards like self-esteem or purpose

Question 2

James-Lange Theory

Answer 2

When a physical response happens before the relative emotional response. Ex: If your heart is racing and your body is trembling then you’ll realize that you’re scared. NOT that you’re afraid, so your body trembles

Question 3

Cannon-Bard Theory

Answer 3

That we experience physical and emotional reactions at the same time and that one is not caused by the other. Ex: Because you saw a spider you tremble and feel scared simultaneously

Question 4

General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 4

Hans Seyle’s research showing the three stages of the body’s psychological reaction to stress. Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Question 5

Maladaptive Coping Strategies

Answer 5

A coping strategy that fails to remove the stressors or wind up substituting one stressor for another

Question 6

Adaptive Coping Strategies

Answer 6

A coping strategy that removes stressors or enable us to better tolerate them

Question 7

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Answer 7

A hypothesis that says when a person feels an emotion, it corresponds to facial expressions. (ex. The act of smiling can itself actually make you feel happier)

Question 8

Stress

Answer 8

When a person experiences change that results in physical or mental strain

Question 9

Stressors

Answer 9

Events that cause stress. These events can come internally or externally and can range from mild to severe

Question 10

Eustress

Answer 10

The effect of a healthy amount of stress for a person’s well-being. (the right amount that creates motivation but isn’t too much)

Question 11

Distress

Answer 11

When a person experiences events that are not pleasant. This can range from catastrophic events, to significant life changes, to minor hassles

Question 12

Locus of Control

Answer 12

the degree to which people feel they have control over events that influence their lives

Question 13

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 13

the belief that you have control over your life

Question 14

External Locus of Control

Answer 14

the belief that external forces control your life

Question 15

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 15

handling emotions that stem from stressful situations. ex) this situation makes me feel upset, so i am going to calm down

Question 16

Problem-focused coping

Answer 16

removing the problem, therefore removing the feelings that stem from the problem. ex) this person makes me feel bad, so i am going to cut contact with them

Question 17

Appraisal-focused coping

Answer 17

reevaluating a stressor as something positive instead of negative. ex) i don’t want to go to school, but at least i can see my friends

Question 18

Instinct Theory

Answer 18

This theory is when people are motivated to behave in particular ways because they are genetically or evolutionarily programmed to do things in a survival instinct.

Question 19

Drive-Reduction Theory

Answer 19

Physiological needs create an aroused tension state ( a drive) that motivates an organism that satisfies the needs.

Question 20

Arousal Theory

Answer 20

Human motivation that aims to create a specific amount of arousal (optimal arousal)

Question 21

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 21

People are usually motivated through a hierarchy of needs: Physiological needs –> Safety needs –> Social needs –> Esteem needs –> Self-actualization/transcendence

Question 22

Incentive Theory

Answer 22

We are pulled into action by –positive or negative– outside incentives