UNIT 5: Heredity

Question 1

pedigree

Question 2

x-linked recessive

Question 3

autosomal recessive

Question 4

mitochondrial

Question 5

autosomal dominant

Question 6

nondisjunction

Question 7

linked genes

Question 8

homologous pair

Question 9

diploid

Question 10

haploid

Question 11

meiosis/mitosis similarities

Question 12

meiosis/mitosis differences

Question 13

mendelian dihybrid cross ratio

Answer 13

9:3:3:1

Question 14

monohybrid cross ratio

Answer 14

phenotype 3:1 genotype 1:2:1

Question 15

dihybrid

Question 16

monohybrid

Question 17

crossing over

Question 18

independent assortment

Question 19

P generation

Question 20

F1 generation

Question 21

F2 generation

Question 22

gamete

Question 23

gene

Question 24

allele

Question 25

genotype

Question 26

phenotype

Question 27

meiosis

Question 28

prophase I

Question 29

metaphase I

Question 30

anaphase I

Question 31

telophase I / cytokinesis

Question 32

prophase II

Question 33

metaphase II

Question 34

anaphase II

Question 35

telophase II /cytokinesis

Question 36

karyotype

Question 37

complete dominance

Answer 37

when one allele is completely dominant over the other.

Question 38

codominance

Answer 38

two alleles are dominant and affect the phenotype in two different but equal ways

Question 39

incomplete dominance

Answer 39

two alleles, inherited from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive, resulting in a blend.

Question 40

polygenic inheritance

Answer 40

when multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait

Question 41

epistasis

Answer 41

interaction between alleles in which one allele interferes with the effects of the other.

Question 42

pleiotropy

Answer 42

one gene has multiple affects on someones phenotype

Question 43

sex-linked traits

Question 44

somatic cells

Answer 44

any cells in the body that are not reproductive

Question 45

autosomal chromosomes

Question 46

rule of multiplication

Question 47

rule of addition

Question 48

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.1 Explain how meiosis results in the transmission of chromosomes from one generation to the next.

Question 49

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.1 Describe similarities and/ or differences between the phases and outcomes of mitosis and meiosis.

Question 50

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.2 Explain how the process of meiosis generates genetic diversity.

Question 51

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.3 Explain how shared, conserved, fundamental processes and features support the concept of common ancestry for all organisms.

Question 52

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.3 Explain the inheritance of genes and traits as described by Mendel’s laws.

Question 53

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.4 Explain deviations from Mendel’s model of the inheritance of traits.

Question 54

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.5 Explain how the same genotype can result in multiple phenotypes under different environmental conditions.

Question 55

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5.6 Explain how chromosomal inheritance generates genetic variation in sexual reproduction.

Question 56

Gregor Mendel

Question 57

gene

Question 58

locus

Question 59

homozygous

Question 60

heterozygous

Question 61

law of dominance

Question 62

law of segregation

Question 63

law of independent assortment

Question 64

product rule

Question 65

sum rule

Question 66

test cross

Question 67

recombinants

Question 68

recombination frequency

Question 69

map units

Question 70

autosome

Question 71

sex chromosome

Question 72

colorblindness

Question 73

hemophilia

Question 74

carrier

Question 75

barr body

Question 76

non-nuclear inheritance

Question 77

phenotypic plasticity

Question 78

gonads

Question 79

testes

Question 80

ovaries

Question 81

germ cells

Question 82

meiosis I

Question 83

meiosis II

Question 84

synapsis

Question 85

tetrad

Question 86

gametogenesis

Question 87

spermatogenesis

Question 88

oogenesis

Question 89

polar bodies

Question 90

ovum

Question 91

down syndrome

Question 92

aneuploidy

Question 93

translocation