Unit 5: Gases & Atmospheric Chemistry Flashcards
Intermolecular
Between Molecules.
Intramolecular
Within Molecules.
What are the 4 properties of gases?
1) Molecules are far apart
2) Weak intermolecular attraction
3) Molecules have free movement
4) Easily compressible
What are the 4 properties of liquids?
1) Molecules not very close held
2) Less intermolecular attraction
3) Molecules have some movement
4) Not compressible
What are the 4 properties of solids?
1) Molecules are close held
2) Strong intermolecular attraction
3) Restricted movement
4) Not compressible
What are the 4 chemical behaviours of gases?
1) Chemically Inert
2) Very Reactive
3) Acidic
4) Basic
What are the 5 assumptions of the Kinetic Theory of Matter? What is a gas that follows all of these assumptions called?
1) Gases consist of a large number of tiny particles that are far apart
2) Collisions between molecules are elestic which mean there is no net loss of kinetic energy it is completely transfered during collisions
3) Gas particles are in constant, rapid, random motion
4) No forces of attraction act on gas particles
5) The average kinetic energy of gas particles depeneds on the temperature of the gas
If a gas follows all of these assumptions it is called an ideal gas.
What is the equation to find the pressure of a gas?
P= Force Exerted / Per Unit of Area
Gas Pressure
The force resulting from molecular collisions on a surface. When you increase the number of particles/volume then you increase the number of collision and increase pressure.
Standard Atmospheric Pressure (SAP)
Atmospheric pressure in dry air at a temperature of 0ºC at sea level.
What are the 7 units of pressure?
1) atm
2) mmHg
3) torr
4) Pa
5) kPa
6) bar
7) psi
How do you convert a temperture in celcius to kelvin?
Take your given temperature and add 273.
What is a summarization of Boyles, Charles and Lussacs Law?
Boyles: A fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the applied pressure on the gas
Charles: When temperature increases so does the speed of the gas molecules. They collide with the wall more frequently therefore the volume will increase
Lussacs: The pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to it’s kelvin temperature
What is the equation for the Ideal Gas Law?
PV = NRT
In the ideal gas law equation what does R represent?
Universal Gas Constant
If using KPa: 8.314 KPa•L/ mol•K
If using atm: 0.0821 atm•L/mol•K
Combined Gas Law
The pressure and volume of a given amount of gas are inversely proportional to each other and directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas.
What is the equation for the combined gas law?
P1V1 = P2v2
__________
T1 = T2
Avagadros Law
Equal volumes of all ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Molar Volume
The amount of space occupied by 1 mol of an ideal gas
STP: 22.4 L/mol
What is the temperature and pressure at STP and SATP?
STP: 0ºC and 101.325 kPa
SATP: 25ºC and 100 kPa
Partial Pressure
The pressure of a gas in a mixture would exert if it was the only gas present in the same volume and temperature.
Daltons Law of Partial Pressure
The total pressure of a mixture of nonreacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
Ptotal= P1 + P2 + P3
Law of Combining Volumes
When meaured at the same temperature and pressure, volumes of gaseous reactants and products of chemical reactions are always in simples ratios of whole numbers.
