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Gr. 12 ap bio > Unit 5 - Definitions > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Definitions Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Population size (N)

A

Number of individuals of the same species living within a specific geographical area

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2
Q

Population density (D subscript p)

A

Number of individuals per unit of volume or area

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3
Q

Transect

A

A long relatively narrow rectangular area or line used for sampling a population

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4
Q

Quadrat

A

An area of specific size used for sampling a population; often used to sample immobile organisms or those that move every little

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5
Q

Mark-recapture

A

A method in which animals are captured, marked w a tag, collar, or band, released, then recaptured at a later time to determine an estimate of population size

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6
Q

Distribution pattern

A

The pattern in which a population is distributed or spread in an area; three types are uniform, random, and clumped

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7
Q

Fecundity

A

The avg number of offspring produced by a female member of a population over her lifetime

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8
Q

Survivorship

A

The number or percentage of organisms that typically live to a given age in a given population

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9
Q

Immigration

A

The movement of individuals into a population

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10
Q

Emigration

A

The movement of individuals out of a population

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11
Q

Biotic potential

A

The highest possible per capital growth rate for a population

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12
Q

Exponential growth

A

The growth pattern exhibited by a population growing at its biotic potential

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13
Q

Carrying capacity

A

Maximum population size that a habitat can sustain over an extended period of time

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14
Q

Logistic growth

A

The growth pattern exhibited by a population for which growth is limited by carrying capacity, or limited availability of resources

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15
Q

r-selected strategies

A

Life strategies used by populations that live close to their biotic potential

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16
Q

K-selected strategies

A

Life strategies used by populations that live close to the carrying capacity of heir environment

17
Q

Density-independent factor

A

An abiotic event that affects population growth in the same way, regardless of population density

18
Q

Density-dependent factor

A

A biotic interaction that varies in its effect on population growth, depending on the density of the populations involved

19
Q

Intraspecific competition

A

A situation in which members of the same population compete for resources

20
Q

Interspecific competition

A

A situation in which two or more populations compete for limited resources

21
Q

Population cycle

A

Alternating periods of large and small population sizes

22
Q

Sinusoidal growth

A

A wavelike oscillating growth pattern that is typical of predator-prey interactions

23
Q

Protective colouration

A

Adaptations that help individuals avoid predation; includes camouflage, mimicry, and body colouration used as a warning signal

24
Q

Parasitism

A

A symbiotic relationship in which a symbiont lives off and harms the host

25
Q

Mutualism

A

A type of symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship

26
Q

Commensalism

A

A symbiotic relationship in which one partner benefits and the other partner neither benefits nor is harmed

27
Q

Demography

A

The study of statistics related to human populations, such as population size, density, distribution, movement, births, and deaths

28
Q

Doubling time

A

The time it takes for a population to double in number

29
Q

Population pyramid

A

A type of bar graph that shows the age distribution in a population, which demographers use to study a population

30
Q

Ecological footprint

A

The amount of productive land that is required for each person in a defined area, such as a country, for food, water, transportation, housing, waste management, and other requirements

31
Q

Available biocapacity

A

Earth’s carrying capacity for the human population

Gr. 12 ap bio (8 decks)

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