Unit 5 case study Flashcards
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
Being a lifeguard and sitting in the sun for long hours every day, why would Chad’s dark skin be less likely to burn than his friends who had much fairer, lighter-colored skin?
A. Chad’s dark skin contains more protective stratified squamous layers in his epidermis compared to his fair-skinned friends
B. Chad’s dark skin contains more numerous protective melanocytes
C. Chad’s dark skin contains more protective melanin in each of his melanocytes
D. Chad’s dark skin contains more blood vessels and sensory receptors in his dermis compared to his fair-skinned friends
C. Chad’s dark skin contains more protective melanin in each of his melanocytes
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
Sunscreen works by blocking and absorbing UV rays through a combination of physical and chemical particles. Physical particles, such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, are used to reflect UV radiation from the skin. How would classic, bright red, but blisterless sunburn, as shown in the picture below, be classified?
A. Skin irritation, but not classified as a burn if the skin does not peel
B. First-degree burn
C. Second-degree burn
D. Third-degree burn
B. First-degree burn
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
Exfoliation is often recommended for helping to eliminate blackheads in the skin. This involves scrubbing the affected areas with a coarse or gritty face wash to remove excessive amounts of dead skin cells that can lead to clogged pores. Why does this not cause bleeding?
A. The hypodermis is avascular
B. The epidermis is avascular
C. Dead skin cells block the blood vessels
D. The dermis is avascular
B. The epidermis is avascular
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
The dermatologist examined Chad’s scar which had grown outside the original borders of the burn. She said that it did not pose a risk of cancer and that she was not worried about it. What is the most likely cause of the change in the size of the scar?
A. Third-degree burn
B. Decubitus ulcer
C. Seborrhea
D. Keloid
D. Keloid
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
The dermatologist examined the cluster of flesh-colored bumps near the edge of Chad’s scar. To his surprise, she said she was more concerned about these small bumps than the large scar that had formed over and above the original borders of the scar. She said the small bumps were a higher risk for cancer than the larger, overgrown scar. What is the most likely cause of the small cluster of bumps on Chad’s inner thigh?
A. A 2nd-degree burn
B. A virus
C. Excessive sebum production
D. Deep pressure
B. A virus
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
The doctor diagnosed Chad’s small bumps as genital warts caused by HPV. You can read more about HPV with this link from the CDC and this link from the American Cancer Society. Which of the following statements best describes how HPV spreads?
A. Contact between cutaneous or mucous membranes
B. Contact between body fluids (semen, saliva, or blood) and mucous membranes
C. Contact serosal fluid and mucous membranes
D. All of the above
A. Contact between cutaneous or mucous membranes
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
Liquid nitrogen is used to treat warts. It can get to -300 degrees and will freeze the wart to kill the cells that are dividing. After treatment, a blister will form before the wart falls off.
Where do blisters form?
A. Between the stratum basale and dermis
B. Between the stratus spinosum and stratum corneum
C. In the stratum lucidum layer in thin skin
D. Between keritinocytes and melanocytes
A. Between the stratum basale and dermis
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
In most cases, people are able to clear the low-risk strains of HPV from their bodies in about 1-2 years. It takes the immune system this long to -develop antibodies to completely remove the virus from the body. Which cell is a link between the integumentary system and the immune system?
A. Stratified squamous epithelial cells
B. Dendritic cells
C. Keratinocytes
D. Melanocytes
B. Dendritic cells
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
In the vignette about Chad, the doctor recommends that Chad tell his partners. What test is the best way for female partners to check for HPV?
A. Throat swab
B. PAP smear
C. Blood test
D. Biopsy
E. Blood test, PAP, and biopsy
B. PAP smear
Chad is a 23-year-old college student, currently enrolled in an anatomy class. During the study of the integumentary system, Chad decided it was time to schedule his first dermatology appointment. Chad grew up at the beach, fishing, and surfing, and even worked as a lifeguard. His dark skin rarely burned or freckled and his complexion had always been free from acne and pimples. However, he was becoming concerned about a spot on his leg.
A couple of months ago, he hopped a ride home with a friend on a motorcycle. Chad was wearing shorts and burned his thigh on a piece of hot metal from the motorcycle. The skin had blistered and peeled, but it was still tender and just wasn’t healing.
By the time Chad was able to see the dermatologist, the burn was still tender and the scar that was forming was growing larger and outside of the original border of the burn and was now the size of a walnut. Chad was worried that the scar was turning into cancer. Additionally, a few wrinkly, flesh-colored bumps had appeared, clustered near the edge of the scar. As the dermatologist examined the burn on the inside of Chad’s scar, he winced in pain. She mentioned that this is a common consequence of riding a motorcycle or dirt bike in shorts, rather than long, protective riding pants. She said often riders burn through all of the layers of the skin.
Symptoms of genital warts can occur as early as 3 weeks after exposure, but more often take much longer. Based on what you know about the skin, why don’t symptoms occur sooner than 3 weeks?
A. Melanin produced in melanocytes can block the ability to see the wart for several weeks
B. Epidermal cells do not experience mitosis
C. Fibrocysts in the dermis wall off the virus initially. The wart becomes visible when the virus becomes strong enough to break through the granuloma
D. HPV infects the stratum basale and it takes 25-35 days for those cells to move to the surface of the epidermis
D. HPV infects the stratum basale and it takes 25-35 days for those cells to move to the surface of the epidermis
