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NUR123 Exam 1 > Unit 5: Alterations in Nutrition > Flashcards

Unit 5: Alterations in Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What are antropometric measurements?

A

Height:Weight
Waist size
Skin Folds
BMI

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2
Q

What is an underweight BMI?

A

< 18.5

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3
Q

What is a normal BMI?

A

18.5-24.9

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4
Q

What is an overweight BMI?

A

25.0-29.9

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5
Q

What is an obese BMI?

A

> 30.0

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6
Q

What is a morbidly obese BMI?

A

> 40.0

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7
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

Deficit, excess, or imbalance in essential components of a balanced diet resulting from malabsorption, poor diet, or over eating

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8
Q

What is undernutrition?

A

Inadequate intake due to diet or disease

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9
Q

What is obesity?

A

An excessive amount of fat in the body caused by poor diet or metabolic syndrome

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10
Q

What is refeeding syndrome?

A

Metabolic disturbances that occur as a result of reinstitution of nutrition to patients who are starved, severelt malnourished, or metabollically stressed due to illness

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11
Q

What is parenteral nutrition?

A

Providing the body with nutrition intravenously

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12
Q

What are risk factors for malnurtrition?

A 
Fever
Trauma
Burns
Major surgery
Hypermetabolic disease
Malabsorption
Elderly
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13
Q

Who are patients at risk for nutritional problems?

A 
Elderly
Minorities
Low socioeconomic status
Sedentary
Poor diet
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14
Q

What lab values would you look at to diagnose a pt with malnutrition?

A 
Serum albumin
Prealbumin
Transferrin/ Ferratin
BUN
Creatinine
Lipid profile
Electrolytes
CBC
Vitamin and mineral values
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15
Q

What are nursing diagnoses for malnutrition?

A 
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body req
Self-care deficit
Constipation/diarrhea
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Noncompliance
Activity intolerance
Psychosocial
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16
Q

What are patient outcomes for malnourished patients?

A

The patient will:
achieve steady weight gain
show signs of reversing malnutrition AEB…

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17
Q

What are nursing interventions for malnutrition?

A 
Calorie count
High calorie foods
Small, multiple meals
Supplements
Diet diary
Dietitian consult
Parental nutrition
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18
Q

What are the parenteral feedings you’d use for a malnourished patient?

A

PPN along with oral food
TPN
TNA

19
Q

What are the goals of treating a malnourished patient?

A

Improve nutritional status

Experience no adverse outcomes related to malnutrition or treatment

20
Q

What are some causes of obesity?

A

Poor diet
High sugar intake
Metabolic syndrome
Sedentary lifestyle

21
Q

What are some health risks of obesity?

A 
Death
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia
Type II diabetes
Coronary Heart disease
Stroke
Gall bladder disease
Osteoarthritis
Sleep apnea
Cancer
Mental illness
Pain
22
Q

How would you diagnose obesity?

A

Anthropometric measurements
Total cholesterol
BP
Cardiovascular workup

23
Q

What are nursing priorities for an obese patient?

A

H&P
Psychosocial support
Teaching

24
Q

What are the treatment guidelines for an obese patient?

A

Individualized and multidisciplinary
Wt loss of 10% of initial weight
Lifestyle modification

25
Q

What are interventions for an obese patient?

A 
Nutritional therapy
Exercise
Lifestyle modification
Support groups
Hormonal therapies
26
Q

What are some outcomes for the treatment of an obese patient?

A 
The patient will
lose weight at a safe rate
have improved self esteem
achieve and maintain optimal weight
make healthy food selections
27
Q

What are the nursing considerations of bariatric surgery?

A

Careful preoperative evaluation

Cardio, pulmonary, and psychiatric clearance

28
Q

What are complications of bariatric surgery?

A 
Anastomatic leakage
Bleeding
Infection
Sepsis
Obstruction
DVT
PE
29
Q

What are some factors that may contribute to malnutrition in the elderly?

A 
Digestive problems
Chewing/swallowing difficulties
Immobility
Psychological stress
Acute illness
Neuropsychological problems
Fluid consumption
Self perception
Living situation
Polypharmacy
Pressure ulcers
Amt of fruit/vegetables
Need for feeding assistance
30
Q

What are the types of VAD?

A

Peripheral venous access device
Peripherally inserted central catheter
Central venous access devices

31
Q

What are the types of CVADs?

A

Non-tunneled
Tunneled
Portacath

32
Q

Total Protein

A

6.0-8.0

total amount of albumin and globulins in the fluid portion of the blood

33
Q

Serum albumin

A

3.3-5.0

protein made by the liver; measures amount in the clear liquid portion of blood

34
Q

Serum Transferrin

A

M: 5-100
F: 10-270
the iron transport protein; indirectly measures amount of iron in the blood

35
Q

Prealbumin

A

15.7-29.6

used to help detect and diagnose protein calorie malnutrition

36
Q

Cholesterol

A

< 200

used to identify risk for heart disease, stroke, and other conditions caused by blocked arteries

37
Q

Lymphocyte Counts

A

1.3-3.5 x 10^9

Used to determine if patient is fighting or has fought an infection; shows immune system functioning

38
Q

BUN

A

10-20 mg/100 mL

Provides info about kidney function

39
Q

Creatinine

A

0.7-1.4 mg/ 100 mL

measures amount of creatinine in blood; shows kidney function

40
Q

Magnesium

A

0.33-2.4

Determine amount of magnesium in blood

41
Q

Potassium

A

3.8-5.0

how much potassium is in the blood; electrolyte balance in body

42
Q

Phosphate

A

3.0-4.5
amount of phosphorus in blood; important for strong bones and teeth, nerve signaling and muscle contraction; can help diagnose kidney, liver, and certain bone disorders

43
Q

Blood Glucose

A

Fasting 60-100

Helpful in diagnosing and managing diabetes

NUR123 Exam 1 (5 decks)

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