Unit 3: Venous Insufficiency Flashcards

1
Q

Venous diseases is associated with diabetes.

A

False

COPD, CHF, Steroid use

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2
Q

Pulmonary embolism can be life-threatening.

A

True

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3
Q

Venous disease can be assessed with a doppler.

A

True

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4
Q

Venous wounds have copious amounts of drainage.

A

True

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5
Q

Intravenous Heparin therapy can be administered at home for stable patients.

A

False

Must be in hospital

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6
Q

Warfarin requires monitoring aPTT.

A

False

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7
Q

A patient on warfarin can not have any green leafy vegetables.

A

False

Pt may have a consistent amount of green-leafy vegetables

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8
Q

Compression stockings should only be worn at night.

A

False

Should be worn as much as possible

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9
Q

An IVC device captures thrombosis thereby preventing the thrombus from going to the pulmonary vasculature .

A

True

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10
Q

Venous stasispresents with brawny skin discoloration.

A

True

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11
Q

Thrombosis can lead to pulmonary embolism.

A

True

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12
Q

Describe the pathophysiology of the venous system.

A

Dysfunctional valves lead to
decreased venous return which leads to
Increased venous pressure

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13
Q

What conditions does the pathophysiology of the venous system cause?

A

Increased Edema
Venous Ulcers
Discolored, thick skin

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14
Q

What is hemosidrosis?

A

The discoloration of the skin due to the breaking down of RBCs leaving deposited iron in the skin

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15
Q

What are some of the assessment findings for a patient with venous insufficiency?

A
Aching, cramping
Present pulses
Thick, though, brawny skin
Edema
Poor Healing
Ulcers
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16
Q

What is the main treatment for aching and cramping due to venous insufficiency?

17
Q

What are the characteristics of venous ulcers?

A
Superficial
Pink, uneven edges
Above medial malleolus
Moist
Drainage
18
Q

How are venous wounds prevented?

A

Promote venous circulation:
Excercise
Intermittent compression therapy

19
Q

What are the treatment measures for chronic venous insufficiency?

A
Compression*
Elevation*
(diuretics)
Prevent or treat infection (antibiotics)
Treat wounds
20
Q

Edema can lead to cellulitis; treatment would require prescription for antibiotics.

21
Q

An obese, post-op pt has been prescribed elastic compression stockings. The nurse should ensure that the pt wear these ______

A

At all times possible

22
Q

What are risk factors for DVT?

A

*Obesity
*History of prior clots
*Pregnancy
*Estrogen therapy
*Heart disease
*A-fib
Neoplasms
Trauma
Advanced age
Smoking
Hypercoaguability
Immobility

23
Q

What are clinical manifestations of DVT?

A

50% have no symptoms

One leg larger, warm, and red

24
Q

How do you prevent DVT?

A

Avoid prolonged sitting
elevate legs when sitting
Avoid leg crossing
Compression stockings

25
What are diagnostic studies for DVT?
``` CBC D-dimer Venous-duplex ultrasound CTV Contrast venography ```
26
How do you treat DVT?
Anticoagulant therapy thrombolytic therapy Greenfield Filter
27
What is the lab value for patients on heparin?
Activated partial throboplastin time | aPTT
28
What is a major complication of heparin therapy?h
Heparin inducedthrobocytopenia (HIT)
29
What is the reversal agent for Heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
30
What is Pulmonary Embolus?
A clot that has lodged in a pulmonary artery
31
What are the signs and symptoms of PE?
``` Sever sudden SOB Chest pain Decreased O2 sat Hypoxemia Deterioration ```
32
What are the clinical manifestations of PE?
``` Hypoxemia Hemoptysis Dyspnea Tachypnea Tachycarida Hypotension COugh Chest Pain ```
33
How do you treat PE?
Oxygen Thrombolytic therapy(ICU) Anticoagulants
34
What is the aPTT therapeutic range of Heparin?
1.5-2.5 times the normal range
35
What is the INR therapeutic range?
2.0-3.0
36
What would you include in discharge teaching after a PE?
S/S of bleeding Meds need to be taken & do not exchange for generic Wear alert braceler
37
What is the reversal agent for warfarin?
Vitamin K | FFP