Unit 3: Venous Insufficiency Flashcards
Venous diseases is associated with diabetes.
False
COPD, CHF, Steroid use
Pulmonary embolism can be life-threatening.
True
Venous disease can be assessed with a doppler.
True
Venous wounds have copious amounts of drainage.
True
Intravenous Heparin therapy can be administered at home for stable patients.
False
Must be in hospital
Warfarin requires monitoring aPTT.
False
A patient on warfarin can not have any green leafy vegetables.
False
Pt may have a consistent amount of green-leafy vegetables
Compression stockings should only be worn at night.
False
Should be worn as much as possible
An IVC device captures thrombosis thereby preventing the thrombus from going to the pulmonary vasculature .
True
Venous stasispresents with brawny skin discoloration.
True
Thrombosis can lead to pulmonary embolism.
True
Describe the pathophysiology of the venous system.
Dysfunctional valves lead to
decreased venous return which leads to
Increased venous pressure
What conditions does the pathophysiology of the venous system cause?
Increased Edema
Venous Ulcers
Discolored, thick skin
What is hemosidrosis?
The discoloration of the skin due to the breaking down of RBCs leaving deposited iron in the skin
What are some of the assessment findings for a patient with venous insufficiency?
Aching, cramping Present pulses Thick, though, brawny skin Edema Poor Healing Ulcers
What is the main treatment for aching and cramping due to venous insufficiency?
Elevation
What are the characteristics of venous ulcers?
Superficial Pink, uneven edges Above medial malleolus Moist Drainage
How are venous wounds prevented?
Promote venous circulation:
Excercise
Intermittent compression therapy
What are the treatment measures for chronic venous insufficiency?
Compression* Elevation* (diuretics) Prevent or treat infection (antibiotics) Treat wounds
Edema can lead to cellulitis; treatment would require prescription for antibiotics.
True
An obese, post-op pt has been prescribed elastic compression stockings. The nurse should ensure that the pt wear these ______
At all times possible
What are risk factors for DVT?
*Obesity
*History of prior clots
*Pregnancy
*Estrogen therapy
*Heart disease
*A-fib
Neoplasms
Trauma
Advanced age
Smoking
Hypercoaguability
Immobility
What are clinical manifestations of DVT?
50% have no symptoms
One leg larger, warm, and red
How do you prevent DVT?
Avoid prolonged sitting
elevate legs when sitting
Avoid leg crossing
Compression stockings
What are diagnostic studies for DVT?
CBC D-dimer Venous-duplex ultrasound CTV Contrast venography
How do you treat DVT?
Anticoagulant therapy
thrombolytic therapy
Greenfield Filter
What is the lab value for patients on heparin?
Activated partial throboplastin time
aPTT
What is a major complication of heparin therapy?h
Heparin inducedthrobocytopenia (HIT)
What is the reversal agent for Heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
What is Pulmonary Embolus?
A clot that has lodged in a pulmonary artery
What are the signs and symptoms of PE?
Sever sudden SOB Chest pain Decreased O2 sat Hypoxemia Deterioration
What are the clinical manifestations of PE?
Hypoxemia Hemoptysis Dyspnea Tachypnea Tachycarida Hypotension COugh Chest Pain
How do you treat PE?
Oxygen
Thrombolytic therapy(ICU)
Anticoagulants
What is the aPTT therapeutic range of Heparin?
1.5-2.5 times the normal range
What is the INR therapeutic range?
2.0-3.0
What would you include in discharge teaching after a PE?
S/S of bleeding
Meds need to be taken & do not exchange for generic
Wear alert braceler
What is the reversal agent for warfarin?
Vitamin K
FFP
