Unit 5/6- Electrons & Trends

Question 1

Frequency

Answer 1

The number of waves that pass per second

Question 2

Nodes

Answer 2

Where the wave passes through the origin

Question 3

Longest waves=_____ frequency=______energy
Shorter waves=______frequency=______energy

Answer 3

Longer waves, lowest frequency,lowest energy
Shortest waves, higher frequency, highest energy

Question 4

S orbitals

Answer 4

Spherical
1 orbital orientation

Question 5

P orbital

Answer 5

Dumbbell shape
3 orbital orientation

Question 6

D orbitals

Answer 6

Clover shaped
5 orbital orientations

Question 7

F orbitals

Answer 7

Different shapes
7 orbital orientations

Question 8

Absorbtion

Answer 8

A photon gets absorbed
Energy absorbed must be=to this exact difference
Cannot see it

Question 9

Emission

Answer 9

Photon emitted is = to the difference in energy
Electron moves back down and emits a photon
Seen as a color, limited

Question 10

Metal properties (9)

Answer 10

-forms a positive ion during a chemical reaction
-low ionization
-lustrous
-solid
-malleable
-high density
-ductile
-good conductor
-high melting/boiling points

Question 11

Non metal properties (7)

Answer 11

-forms a negative ion during chemical reaction
-high ionization
-no lustrous
-solid and gas
-brittle
-poor conductor
-generally low melting/boiling points

Question 12

Metalloid properties (4)

Answer 12

-contain intermediate properties
-solid
-semi-conductors
-a mix of properties metals/nonmetals

Question 13

Group/family

Answer 13

Downwards
Have the same amount of valence electrons

Question 14

T/F: in reactivity the noble gases are crossed out

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

Arranged elements by atomic mass

Answer 15

Mendeleev

Question 16

Arranged by atom’s number

Answer 16

Mosley

Question 17

Pauli’s exclusion principle:

Answer 17

No 2 electrons can have identical quantum numbers
First principal shell= ground state

Question 18

Aufbau’s rule:

Answer 18

Electrons will always try to occupy the lowest energy orbital position

Question 19

Hund’s rule

Answer 19

Each orbital of equal energy will be occupied by only 1 electron of parallel spin before pairing up

Question 20

N

Answer 20

n= principle quantum numbers
Can only increase in positive integers since energy around an electron is quantized
As it increases the orbitals become larger & higher in energy

Question 21

Electrons existed as ____ around the nucleus in ____

Answer 21

Waves, in orbitals