Unit 5

Question 1

What is a fossil?

Answer 1

The preserved remains or traces of an organism.

Question 2

What are examples of fossils?

Answer 2

Skeletons, imprints, amber, casts, etc.

Question 3

What is the principle of superposition?

Answer 3

The idea that newer rock layers are closer to the surface.

Question 4

What is relative age dating?

Answer 4

Using the law of superposition to figure out a rocks age.

Question 5

What is absolute dating?

Answer 5

Figuring out the age of a rock based off of radioactive isotopes to determine the age of volcanic (igneous) rock layers.

Question 6

Traditional fossil

Answer 6

Show how traits have evolved over time in closely related species.

Question 7

What is an example of a traditional fossil?

Answer 7

Archaeopteryx

Question 8

What is a theory?

Answer 8

The proposed explanation based on a wide range of evidence.

Question 9

Who was Jean-Baptiste Lamark?

Answer 9

Thought that organisms develop beneficial traits in their lifetime and pass them on to their offspring. INCORRECT

Question 10

Who was Charles Darwin?

Answer 10

Thought that organisms in a population have variations and those with beneficial traits are more likely to pass them on.

Question 11

What were Charles Darwins observations?

Answer 11

Environment played a role in the species found on each island and their traits.

Question 12

What is a species?

Answer 12

A group of organisms that can interbreed and create offspring that can reproduce.

Question 13

What is natural selection?

Answer 13

Individuals inherit beneficial adaptations produce more offspring.

Question 14

What is artificial selection?

Answer 14

Traits humans favor are kept.

Question 15

What are the four principles?

Answer 15

Variation, overproduction, adaptation, selection

Question 16

What is variation?

Answer 16

Individuals are different

Question 17

What is overproduction?

Answer 17

Many offspring compete for resources

Question 18

What is an adaption?

Answer 18

Variations in a population enable some to survive better

Question 19

What is selection?

Answer 19

Overtime, a population will result in adaptations well suited for its environment.

Question 20

What is evolution?

Answer 20

A change in the gene pool

Question 21

What are the five fingers of evolution?

Answer 21

Natural selection, movement, mutation, sexual selection, small population

Question 22

What is camouflage?

Answer 22

Adaptation by which an organism blends in with its environment to help it avoid detection either by predictors or prey.

Question 23

What is mimicry?

Answer 23

An adaption by which an organism looks like another organism or object.

Question 24

What is biogeography?

Answer 24

The study of where organisms live now and where their ancestors lived in the past.

Question 25

What are the two types of biogeography?

Answer 25

Divergent: close but different
Convergent: distant but similar

Question 26

What is embryology?

Answer 26

Similarities in embryos suggests common ancestry

Question 27

What is a homologous structure?

Answer 27

Similar structures that have been inherited from a common ancestor but have different functions.

Question 28

What are analogous structures?

Answer 28

Structures that have developed the same function but have different structures.

Question 29

What are vestigial structures?

Answer 29

Structures that no longer serve a function in modern day organisms but give indications that ancestors had developed structures.

Question 30

What is molecular biology?

Answer 30

Similarities in DNA sequences indicate common ancestry.

Question 31

What is sexual selection?

Answer 31

Indicó adíala choose mates based on same physical feature or access to a resource.

Question 32

What is intersexual selection?

Answer 32

Selection in which there is competion between the sexes; usually female choice.

Question 33

What is intrasexual selection?

Answer 33

Selection by which there is competition within the sex; usually male-male competition.