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Biology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology

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1
Q

heart functions

A

pumps blood

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2
Q

liver functions

A

-removes toxins/dead blood cells from blood
-40 major functions

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3
Q

kidney functions

A

removes access water/dissolved items from the blood

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4
Q

spleen functions

A

removes dead blood cells from blood (liver=more important)

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5
Q

lungs functions

A

adds oxygen to blood/removes carbon dioxide, heat, and water from blood

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6
Q

Small intestine function

A

adds food/water to the blood

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7
Q

red bone marrow function

A

makes red and white blood cells and platelets

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8
Q

red blood cells functions

A

transport oxygen

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9
Q

white blood cells functions

A

attacks germs

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10
Q

platelets

A

clots blood

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11
Q

properties of water

A

-polarity
-cohesion
-adhesion
-capillarity

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12
Q

polarity

A

a property of water in which 1 side of the molecule is slightly positive and 1 side of the molecule is slightly negative by overall, it is neutral

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13
Q

cohesion

A

a property of water in which 1 water molecule is attracted to other water molecules

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14
Q

adhesion

A

a property of water in which water molecules stick to molecules other than water (water/sponge)

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15
Q

capillarity

A

a property of water in which water molecules move upward against gravity through tiny pores or holes (water/sponge)

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16
Q

sugar

A

-a glucose molecule
-has a backbone of carbon atoms
-has polar side chains with hydrogen/oxygen

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17
Q

lipid

A

-a fatty acid molecule
-backbone has carbon atoms
-side chains are mostly hydrogen atoms
-there’s a more even sharing between the carbon and hydrogen atoms

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18
Q

what makes sugar dissolve in water?

A

the water sticks to the polar side chains covering the molecule and hiding it from view

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19
Q

polar

A

water-soluble~hydrophilic

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20
Q

non-polar

A

lipid-soluble~hydrophobic

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21
Q

hydrophilic list

A

sugars, vitamins B,C (water, minerals have a charge)

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22
Q

hydrophobic list

A

lipids,oxygen molecules, vitamins D,A,K,E

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23
Q

organic compounds

A

molecules that have carbon atoms and are derived from living organisms
-proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

24
Q

surfactant

A

a lipil protein made by the lungs that reduces cohesion in the air sacs so that they don’t collapse

25
Q

red blood cells

A

cells made inside of the red bone marrow that carry oxygen and water

26
Q

cholesterol

A

a chemical made by the liver that carries fatty acids through the blood

27
Q

bile

A

a chemical made by the liver that drains into the small intestine to create an emulsion (drops of oil/fat stay mixed with water)

28
Q

bile salts

A

put a hydrophilic covering on the little oil/fat droplets that helps them stick in the water and attracts enzymes to be chemically digested

29
Q

cytoplasm

A

liquid part of the cell

30
Q

interstitial fluid

A

the liquid between all the cells in the bodyc

31
Q

cell membrane

A

made of liquids and proteins

32
Q

plasma

A

liquid part of blood that comes from the water we drink in the small intestine

33
Q

bronch

A

lungs

34
Q

hepat

A

liver

35
Q

cor

A

heart

36
Q

hemo

A

blood

37
Q

card

A

heart

38
Q

ren

A

kidney

39
Q

pulmo

A

lungs

40
Q

gastr

A

stomach

41
Q

sub

A

under/below

42
Q

supra

A

above

43
Q

infra

A

below

44
Q

intra

A

inside

45
Q

inter

A

between

46
Q

a

A

without

47
Q

hypo

A

less/lower

48
Q

hyper

A

accessive/a lot

49
Q

right ventricle

A

pumps blood to the lungs

50
Q

atria

A

stores the blood

51
Q

blood vessils

A

carry/transport the blood

52
Q

arteries

A

a blood vessil that carries blood away from the heart

53
Q

cappilaries

A

a blood vessil that allows items to exit and enter the blood

54
Q

veins

A

a blood vessil that carries blood towards the heart

55
Q

valves

A

flaps of tissue that stop the blood from flowing backwards

56
Q

left ventricle

A

pumps blood to the upper/lower body

Biology (12 decks)

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