Unit 5 Flashcards
Anatomy and Physiology
heart functions
pumps blood
liver functions
-removes toxins/dead blood cells from blood
-40 major functions
kidney functions
removes access water/dissolved items from the blood
spleen functions
removes dead blood cells from blood (liver=more important)
lungs functions
adds oxygen to blood/removes carbon dioxide, heat, and water from blood
Small intestine function
adds food/water to the blood
red bone marrow function
makes red and white blood cells and platelets
red blood cells functions
transport oxygen
white blood cells functions
attacks germs
platelets
clots blood
properties of water
-polarity
-cohesion
-adhesion
-capillarity
polarity
a property of water in which 1 side of the molecule is slightly positive and 1 side of the molecule is slightly negative by overall, it is neutral
cohesion
a property of water in which 1 water molecule is attracted to other water molecules
adhesion
a property of water in which water molecules stick to molecules other than water (water/sponge)
capillarity
a property of water in which water molecules move upward against gravity through tiny pores or holes (water/sponge)
sugar
-a glucose molecule
-has a backbone of carbon atoms
-has polar side chains with hydrogen/oxygen
lipid
-a fatty acid molecule
-backbone has carbon atoms
-side chains are mostly hydrogen atoms
-there’s a more even sharing between the carbon and hydrogen atoms
what makes sugar dissolve in water?
the water sticks to the polar side chains covering the molecule and hiding it from view
polar
water-soluble~hydrophilic
non-polar
lipid-soluble~hydrophobic
hydrophilic list
sugars, vitamins B,C (water, minerals have a charge)
hydrophobic list
lipids,oxygen molecules, vitamins D,A,K,E
organic compounds
molecules that have carbon atoms and are derived from living organisms
-proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
surfactant
a lipil protein made by the lungs that reduces cohesion in the air sacs so that they don’t collapse
red blood cells
cells made inside of the red bone marrow that carry oxygen and water
cholesterol
a chemical made by the liver that carries fatty acids through the blood
bile
a chemical made by the liver that drains into the small intestine to create an emulsion (drops of oil/fat stay mixed with water)
bile salts
put a hydrophilic covering on the little oil/fat droplets that helps them stick in the water and attracts enzymes to be chemically digested
cytoplasm
liquid part of the cell
interstitial fluid
the liquid between all the cells in the bodyc
cell membrane
made of liquids and proteins
plasma
liquid part of blood that comes from the water we drink in the small intestine
bronch
lungs
hepat
liver
cor
heart
hemo
blood
card
heart
ren
kidney
pulmo
lungs
gastr
stomach
sub
under/below
supra
above
infra
below
intra
inside
inter
between
a
without
hypo
less/lower
hyper
accessive/a lot
right ventricle
pumps blood to the lungs
atria
stores the blood
blood vessils
carry/transport the blood
arteries
a blood vessil that carries blood away from the heart
cappilaries
a blood vessil that allows items to exit and enter the blood
veins
a blood vessil that carries blood towards the heart
valves
flaps of tissue that stop the blood from flowing backwards
left ventricle
pumps blood to the upper/lower body
