Unit 4

Question 1

plant tissues

Answer 1

dermal
vascular
ground
meristematic

Question 2

dermal tissue

Answer 2

protecting inner tissues of plant and other functions related to skin

Question 3

vascular tissue

Answer 3

-transportation of fluids
-xylem cells carry water/minerals up plant, thick walls, support
-phloem cells carry water/sugar up plant

Question 4

ground tissue

Answer 4

capable of photosynthesis, storage, support (select function that best fits example)

Question 5

tissue

Answer 5

a group of cells that work together to do a function or functions

Question 6

merisematic tissue

Answer 6

-growth using cell division
-meristem (longitudinally)
-cambium (form rings)

Question 7

organs

Answer 7

groups of tissue working together to do a function or functions

Question 8

animal tissues

Answer 8

-epithelial
-muscle
-nervous
-connective

Question 9

epithelial tissue

Answer 9

skin, linings of organs, glands - protection of non-living parts

Question 10

muscle tissue

Answer 10

cells with the ability to contract (shorten) or relax

Question 11

nervous tissue

Answer 11

nerves/majority of brain is covered by nervous tissue

Question 12

connective tissue

Answer 12

bones, cartalidge, tendons, ligements, fat, blood, ect…

Question 13

tendons

Answer 13

hold muscles to bones

Question 14

ligaments

Answer 14

hold bones to bones

Question 15

embryology

Answer 15

-evidence for comparatice studies for the classification of organisms
-gradual changes within the body as the body develops over time

Question 16

homologous structures

Answer 16

anotomical parts of different organisms that have a similar appearance and the same origin of development (arm of human vs wing of bird)

Question 17

analogous structures

Answer 17

anatomical parts of different organisms that have similar functions but different origins of development (wing of bird vs wing of insect)

Question 18

types of comparative studies

Answer 18

-gross anatomy
-developmental changes
-biochemistry

Question 19

mitosis

Answer 19

the process in which the nucleus of a cell divides, creating 2 identical halves the same as the original cell

Question 20

cytokinesis

Answer 20

the process in which the entire cell divides

Question 21

determination

Answer 21

the process in which a cell becomes genetically committed to a course of development even though the changes are not detectable (process is not visible)
-you can see the changes that are happening but can’t quite tell what it would become

Question 22

differentiation

Answer 22

the process in which genetically identical cells notably (visibly) develop into specific types of cells
-you can fully tell what the cell has developed in to

Question 23

Gene

Answer 23

a segment of DNA that provides the geneitc information for a single protein or occasionally a specific trait

Question 24

allele

Answer 24

one of the varying forms of a gene

Question 25

chromosome

Answer 25

-a complex of proteins and DNA -coiled and rod-shaped -found in dividing cells -defined by a centromere

Question 26

centromere

Answer 26

the constricted portion of a chromosome

Question 27

chromatid

Answer 27

one of the 2 identical halves of a chromosome

Question 28

chromatin

Answer 28

-a complex of proteins and DNA -not coiled -found in non-dividing cells

Question 29

DNA

Answer 29

an organic compound made of repeating subunits/monomers called nucleotides that stores genetic info needed to make proteins -has 2 strands -double helix shape

Question 30

RNA

Answer 30

an orgainic compound made of repeating subunits/monomers called nucleotides that stores and transfers genetic info needed to make proteins -has 1 strand -doesn't have particular shape/changes shape

Question 31

replication

Answer 31

a process in which DNA is used to make DNA

Question 32

transcription

Answer 32

a process in which DNA is used to make RNA

Question 33

nucleotide

Answer 33

has 3 parts

Question 34

nitrogen base

Answer 34

-provides variety to DNA/RNA molecules -up to 4 different types of nitrogen bases per molecule -in the double helix during replication and transcrition, the nitrogen bases pair

Question 35

nitrogen bases

Answer 35

guanine---cytosine adenine---thymine (DNA only) adenine---uracil (RNA only)