Unit 5 Flashcards
Alleles
Different forms of the same gene
Dominant allele
The allele that expresses the trait whenever it is present
Recessive allele
The allele that expresses the trait only when the dominant allele is not present
Genotype
The genetic composition of the organism
Homozygous
Bolts alleles for a gene are the same
Heterozygous
One allele is dominant and one allele is recessive
Phenotype
The physical appearance determined by the genes
Law of segregation
During gametogenesis each gamete receives only one allele for each gene
Monohybrid cross
The result of a male and female mating with regard to a signal trait
Dihybrid cross
The results of a male and female mating with regard to two traits
Laws of independence assortment
Each allele for a trait moves into gametes without influencing the other traits
Pedigree
The record of ancestors for an individual showing parent/offspring relationships across the generations, also called a family tree
Autosome
A chromosome that dose not determine the sex of the individual
Sex chromosomes
Two chromosomes that determine the sex of a individual
Sex-linked disorder
A disorder caused by an allele that is found on a sex chromosome
