Unit 4 Vocabulary

Question 1

“Strength”

Answer 1

extent to which acids and bases ionize

Question 2

Ionize

Answer 2

produce or become ions

Question 3

Concentration

Answer 3

measure of how many solute particles are dissolved in a solvent

Question 4

Autoionization

Answer 4

reaction of a chemical w/ itself to produce positive and negative ions by the dissociation of one molecule

Question 5

Neutralization reactions

Answer 5

double displacement reaction between an acid and a salt base, usually to form water and an ionic compound (salt)

Question 6

Buffers

Answer 6

function is to maintain or resist changes in pH

Question 7

Radioisotopes

Answer 7

isotopes with unstable nuclei

Question 8

Nuclear equation

Answer 8

shows the change from the initial nucleus (reactant) to final nucleus (product) + any other particles formed

Question 9

Rate of disintegration of radioisotopes

Answer 9

amount breaking down per second

Question 10

Amount of radiation absorbed

Answer 10

amount of radiation absorbed per g of material (or tissue)

Question 11

Equivalent dose

Answer 11

measure of the biological effect of different types of radiation

Question 12

Equivalent Dose Formula

Answer 12

rem= rad (Factor)

Question 13

Hydrocarbon

Answer 13

molecule mostly composed of H and C

Question 14

Combustion

Answer 14

hydrocarbons don’t react easily at room temperature but BURN EASILY

Question 15

Hydrogenation

Answer 15

adding H atoms to the two F atoms in a double bond

Question 16

Polymers

Answer 16

long chains of repeating molecules joined together

Question 17

“-mer”

Answer 17

multi-carbon, molecular unit

Question 18

Alcohol

Answer 18

contains an –OH (hydroxyl) group

Question 19

Ether

Answer 19

contains an O atoms between two C atoms

Question 20

Aldehyde

Answer 20

has a carbonyl C atom bonded to a long H atom

Question 21

Ketone

Answer 21

has a carbonyl C atom bonded to two C atoms

Question 22

Carboxylic acid

Answer 22

has a carbonyl C atom bonded to an –OH group

Question 23

Ester

Answer 23

has a carbonyl C atom bonded to an O atom bonded to another C chain

Question 24

Amine

Answer 24

compound where a N atom is attached to one or more C atoms

Question 25

Amide

Answer 25

compound with a carbonyl group attached to a N atom

Question 26

Thiol

Answer 26

alcohol with a S in place of the O

Question 27

Thioether

Answer 27

ether with a S in place of the O

Question 28

Zwitterion

Answer 28

a single molecule with both a negative and positive change within it (proteins, amino acids)

Question 29

“R-groups”

Answer 29

indicates the properties of the amino acid when it’s in a protein

Question 30

Acid formulas:

Answer 30

Begin with H+

Question 31

Base formulas:

Answer 31

USUALLY are ionic compounds containing hydroxide