Unit 3: Ch 8, 10, 11 - Definitions & Equations Flashcards
covalent bonds are _ + _
nonmetals + nonmetals
covalent bonds in molecules are the sharing of
electrons between 2 ATOMS
A single bond is the sharing of
Length and strength:
2 bonding electrons; (1 pair)
longest and weakest
A double bond is the sharing of
Length and strength:
4 bonding elections; (2 pairs)
medium
A triple bond is the sharing of
Length and strength:
6 bonding elections; (3 pairs)
shortest and strongest
Intramolecular interactions are
inside molecules
Intermolecular interactions are
rhyme; inter-vene
between molecules
Electronegativity is the
The highest is
ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself
F!!!
An ionic interaction is the
Transfer of electrons
A polar covalent bond is the
Unequal-sharing of electrons
A nonpolar covalent bond is the
Equal-sharing of electrons
Bond polarity is found by the
difference between the 2 electronegativity values
Nonpolar molecules shapes are
slide 41
Symmetrical shape (NO lone pairs on central atoms with the exterior atoms all the SAME)
Polar molecules shapes are
slide 41
- Symmetrical geometry (NO lone pairs) with different exterior atoms all the SAME
- ANY combination of atoms with a NONsymmetrical geometry (lone pairs)
Dipole-Dipole Forces are present in (polar/nonpolar) molecules
polar
ionic compounds are _ + _
metal + nonmetal
Hydrogen bonding is (strength)
Present ONLY between molecules with _, _ and _ bonds
VERY STRONG
N-H, O-H, H-F bonds
London Forces are present in
Everything
Heat of Fusion is the
amount of heat needed to melt or freeze 1 g of a substance
Heat of Vaporization is the
amount of heat needed to boil/condense 1 g of a substance
Heat of Sublimation is the
same for sublimation and deposition
Equation for Heat of Fusion
Q = m•Hf
Equation for Heat of Vaporization
Q = m•HV
For the heating curve Q1 is Q2 is Q3 is Q4 is Q5 is
Q1 - ice melting Q2 - ice melting into water Q3 - water heating Q4 - water boiling into steam Q5 - steam heating
