Unit 4- Vocabulary

Question 0

RNA

Answer 0

A nucleic acid that forms from DNA for use in making proteins.

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Double stranded organic compound that contains genetic information.

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

The repeating of a nucleic acid.

Question 3

Replication

Answer 3

The process that DNA uses to make an exact copy of itself.

Question 4

Protein

Answer 4

Organic compound that is composed of one or more chains of amino acids.

Question 5

Transcription

Answer 5

Process by which a copy of RNA is made from DNA.

Question 6

M RNA

Answer 6

The type of RNA that carries the instructions from DNA.

Question 7

R RNA

Answer 7

The type of RNA that makes up a ribosome.

Question 8

T RNA

Answer 8

Type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Question 9

Amino Acid

Answer 9

Building blocks of proteins.

Question 10

Peptide Bond

Answer 10

A bond that links amino acids together in proteins.

Question 11

Polypeptide

Answer 11

Chains of amino acids.

Question 12

Double Helix

Answer 12

The shape of a DNA molecule.

Question 13

Codon

Answer 13

Set of 3 nitrogenous bases of M RNA that codes for an amino acid.

Question 14

Phenotype

Answer 14

The physical or outward appearance of a trait.

Question 15

Mutation

Answer 15

A change in the base sequence of DNA.

Question 16

Egg

Answer 16

Female gamete.

Question 17

Sperm

Answer 17

Male gamete.

Question 18

Gamete

Answer 18

Sex cells.

Question 19

Insertion

Answer 19

Type of mutation in which a base is added.

Question 20

Deletion

Answer 20

Type of mutation in which a base is removed.

Question 21

Substitution

Answer 21

Type of mutation in which one nitrogenous base is replaced by another nitrogenous base.

Question 22

Frame Shift Mutation

Answer 22

General type of mutation in which a nitrogenous base is either added or deleted causing the remaining amino acids to be different.

Question 23

Point Mutation

Answer 23

General type of mutation in which a nitrogenous base is substituted for another nitrogenous base only causing a possible change in one amino acid.