Unit 2- Vocabulary

Question 0

Eukaryote

Answer 0

type of cell that has a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

a simple cell that does not have a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles

Question 2

Unicellular

Answer 2

composed only of one cell

Question 3

Multicellular

Answer 3

composed of more than one cell

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

double stranded molecule that aids in genetic synthesis

Question 5

RNA

Answer 5

single stranded molecule that aids in protein synthesis

Question 6

Stem Cell

Answer 6

unprogrammed cells

Question 7

Specialized Cell

Answer 7

cell that has been programmed to do a specific job

Question 8

Organelle

Answer 8

specialized structures within a cell

Question 9

Chromosomes

Answer 9

condensed structure within the cell that carry genetic information

Question 10

Chromatin

Answer 10

thin, thread-like genetic material

Question 11

Gene

Answer 11

functional segment of DNA that codes for a trait

Question 12

Hypotonic

Answer 12

having a lower solute concentration when compared to another solution.

Question 13

Isotonic

Answer 13

having the same solute concentration as another solution.

Question 14

Plasmids

Answer 14

small circular pieces of DNA that can replicate themselves, usually in bacteria or protists

Question 15

Chemotaxis

Answer 15

movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.

Question 16

Phototaxis

Answer 16

movement of an organism in response to a light stimulus.

Question 17

Flagella

Answer 17

long, whip-like structure me used for movement.

Question 18

Cilia

Answer 18

short, hair-like structures used for movement

Question 19

Pseudopod

Answer 19

“false-foot”: extension of the cytoplasm used for movement & feeling

Question 20

Active Transport

Answer 20

movement if substances into it out of the cell that does require the use of energy

Question 21

Passive Transport

Answer 21

movement of substances into or out of the cell that does not require the use of energy

Question 22

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 22

“helped diffusion” of large molecules into or out of the cell

Question 23

Homeostasis

Answer 23

an organism’s regulation of its internal environment.

Question 24

Hydrophilic

Answer 24

“love of water”

Question 25

Hydrophobic

Answer 25

“fear of water”

Question 26

Permeability

Answer 26

the ability of substances to pass through a membrane.

Question 27

Exocytosis

Answer 27

movement out of the cell.

Question 28

Endocytosis

Answer 28

movement into the cell.

Question 29

Diffusion

Answer 29

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until balanced.

Question 30

Buffers

Answer 30

a substance that keeps the PH of a solution from becoming too acidic or basic.

Question 31

Concentration Gradient

Answer 31

uneven distribution of molecules between two regions.

Question 32

Osmosis

Answer 32

diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 33

Solute

Answer 33

the substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Question 34

Hypertonic

Answer 34

having a higher solute concentration when compared to another solution.