unit 4- tissue and organ systems

Question 1

3 layers of skin

Answer 1

1. epidermis
2. dermis
3. hypodermis

Question 2

2 functions of skin

Answer 2

1. homeostasis (sweat)
2. protection

Question 3

5 senses of touch

Answer 3

1. texture
2. pressure
3. heat
4. cold
5. path

Question 4

bones

Answer 4

provide structure/protection of organs

Question 5

muscles

Answer 5

movement

Question 6

how many bones in adult skeleton

Answer 6

206 bones

Question 7

how many muscles in a human body

Answer 7

640 muscles

Question 8

3 types of muscles

Answer 8

1. cardiac- (heart)
2. smooth- (digestive tract)
3. skeletal- (attached to bones)

Question 9

antagonistic

Answer 9

muscles working in pairs

Question 10

path of food through digestive system

Answer 10

mouth > esophagus > stomach > small intestine > large intestine > rectum > anus

Question 11

mouth

Answer 11

breaks down food

Question 12

esophagus

Answer 12

tube connecting mouth to stomach

Question 13

peristalsis

Answer 13

squeezing action (pushing food to stomach)

Question 14

epiglottis

Answer 14

flap closing over trachea so food goes to esophagus

Question 15

stomach

Answer 15

stores & breaks down food (with hydrochloride acid & pepsin)

Question 16

small intestine

Answer 16

has duodenum, neutralizes stomach acid, & digestion is completed

Question 17

large intestine

Answer 17

absorbs water, makes vitamin K, & stores feces

Question 18

pancreas

Answer 18

creates insulin

Question 19

liver

Answer 19

makes bile & detoxifies body

Question 20

gallbladder

Answer 20

holds bile (breaks down fats)

Question 21

villi

Answer 21

blood vesicles in small intestine that absorbs nutrients

Question 22

path that blood takes

Answer 22

right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary artery > lungs > pulmonary vein > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta > goes through body > vena cava

Question 23

three blood vessels

Answer 23

1. arteries (carry blood away from the heart)
2. capillaries (smallest blood vessel)
3. veins (carry blood back to the heart)

Question 24

chambers of heart

Answer 24

1. atria (upper chamber, receives blood)
2. ventricles (lower chambers, blood pumped out)

Question 25

vena cava

Answer 25

largest vein

Question 26

aorta

Answer 26

largest artery

Question 27

pulse

Answer 27

surge of blood through an artery

Question 28

pace maker

Answer 28

controls heart rate

Question 29

4 parts of blood

Answer 29

1. plasma 2. red blood cells 3. white blood cells 4. platelets

Question 30

plasma

Answer 30

fluid portion of blood (55%)

Question 31

red blood cells

Answer 31

carries oxygen & produced in bone marrow and broken down in spleen

Question 32

hemoglobin

Answer 32

iron containing protein molecule for binding oxygen

Question 33

white blood cells

Answer 33

fight infections

Question 34

platelets

Answer 34

help blood clots

Question 35

antigens

Answer 35

substances that simulate an immune response

Question 36

antibodies

Answer 36

fight antigens

Question 37

four different blood types

Answer 37

1. A 2. B 3. AB 4. O

Question 38

equation for respiration

Answer 38

glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

Question 39

path air takes

Answer 39

mouth/nose > trachea (windpipe) > lung > bronchi > alveoli

Question 40

diaphragm

Answer 40

muscle that separates the chest cavity from abdominal

Question 41

inhaling

Answer 41

rib cage rises, diaphragm contracts flattens & moves down

Question 42

exhale

Answer 42

rib cage drops, diaphragm relaxes & returns to original position

Question 43

kidneys

Answer 43

filters blood to remove waste

Question 44

nephrons

Answer 44

filtering unit in kidneys

Question 45

ureter

Answer 45

connects kidneys to bladder

Question 46

urinary bladder

Answer 46

smooth muscle bag used for storage of urine

Question 47

urethra

Answer 47

tube where urine exits body

Question 48

urine

Answer 48

made up of ammonia & urea

Question 49

excretory system

Answer 49

filters blood & gets rid of extra waste