unit 4 test study guide Flashcards
nutrients
the substances in food that your body needs to grow, repair itself, and supply you with energy.
six nutrients
carbohydrates, water, vitamins, protein, minerals, fats
five food groups
dairy, grains, protein, fruits, vegetables
carbohydrates
the sugars and starches found in foods
3 carbohydrates
starches, sugers, fibers
starches
pasta, bread, starchy vegetables
long term
sugars
candy, soda, dougnut
crash and burn/short term
fibers
fruits, vegetables, whole grains
cannot digest, comes from plants only
the body converts carbs into…
energy
if the exces sugar is not used for energy it is turned into…
body fat
nutrition
the study of nutrients and how your body uses them
chemicals that make up proteins
amino acids
protains help..
construct muscles, hair, skin, and internal organs
maintain muscles, blood, tendons, and body growth
2 types of proteins
plant and animal
plant proteins
beans, soy, lentils
animal proteins
egg, pork, fish, beef, cheese etc.
fats
used by the body to store energy
fats have ___ as many….
twice as many calories as carbohydrates
fats are composed of
fatty acids
the main role of fats is to
transport energy and help maintain healthy skin and cells
fats are important for
brin development, protecting organs, and contolling inflamation
3 types of fats
ubsaturates, saturated, and trans- fats
unsaturated fats
avacado oil, peanut oil, olive oil
good fat
saturated fats
butter, fatty cuts of meat, bacon, cheese
bad fat
trans-fats
microwave popcorn, fried foods, frozen pizza
even worse fat
cholesterol
a waxy substance found in your blood. helps you build healthy cells
too much cholesterol can build up inside your arteries and raise the risk of
plaque and atherosclerosis.
vitamins
compounds found in food that help to regulate the body process
vitamins help
fight infections, heal wounds faster, healthy skin. red blood cells and clotting, and healthy bones
2 types of vitamins
water-soluble and fat-soluble
fat soluble
stored in body fat for later use
vitamins A,E,D, and K
water-soluble
dissolve in water and pass easily into the blood
vitamins B and C
minerals are
not made in the body
minerals main fuction is to..
control important chemical reactions in the body
minerals are needed to…
help keep bones strong, teeth healthy, and blood healthy
sources of minerals
calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron, pottasium
found in the crust of the earth
water is
necessary for survival
how much water do you need a day
64 oz
calories
units of heat that messure your the energy used in your body and the energy food supply to your body
focus
on fruits
vary
your vegies
get calcium
rich foods
make half your grains..
whole
go ___ with protien
lean
servings of food groups a day
grains: 6 oz
vegies: 2 1/2 cups
fruits: 2 cups
dairy: 3 cups
protein: 5 1/2 oz
make half your plate
furits and vegetables
vary the color
instead of whole milk
choose fat free or low fat milk
RDA
recomended daily allowence
RDA for people
calories: 2000-2500
fat: 65 grams
fiber: 20-35 grams
sodium: less than 2400 mg
cholesterol: less than 300 mg
calcium: 1000 mg
my plate
dietary guidlines for americans
daily food plan
a helathy eating plan that tells you how much of something you should eat a day
dietary guidlines
provides advice on what to eat and drink
what things a certain place or nation should get every day
food labels
a label required on most products to tell you whats in them
obesity
having too much body fat to where its detrimental to health
type 2 diabetis
an imparement in the way that the body regulates sugar and uses it as fuel.
heart disease/ high BP
a type of disease that affects the heart and blood system
cancer
a disease caused by uncotrolled divishion of abnormal cells in parts of the body
stroke
a loss of blood flow to part of the brain wich results in passing out.
osteoporosis
a medical condition in which the bones become brittle from loss of tissue. caused by deficiencey of calcium C and D
high cholesterol
high levels of cholesterol can lead to diabetes and other dietary related diseases
anorexia nervosa
an irrational fear of weight gain that can lead people to starve them slefes
bulimia nervosa
eating dissorder that involes cycles of overeating and purging
binge eating dissorder
an eating dissorder in which people over eat compulsively
metabolism
process in which the body gets energy from food
