Unit 4 Test Flashcards
In terms of land area, _______ is the world’s largest state.
Russia
Understand the primary purpose in nature of the United Nations.
Political
Because of the controversy surrounding the legitimacy of its sovereignty, most geographers identify ____________ as being the most populous ‘state and country’ that does not have a UN membership.
Taiwan
Which historically neutral culture finally joined the UN in 2002?
Switzerland
over the past half century, the total number of sovereign states in the world has
Increased by more than 100
In 2002, the Organization of African Unity was replaced by the
AU
Define and identify the characteristics and examples of a nation
A group of islands inhabited by a homogeneous ethnicity, although the westernmost in eastern most islands are recognized as being territories of two competing foreign powers
Historical significance and location of the “Fertile Crescent”
Extended from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean sea and was the location of the first city states in the middle east
Historical evolution of political power
City states, which incorporated cities as well as their countryside
Define and identify examples of multinational states
Russia and the US
Have a basic understanding of Korean ethnic and political history
Ethnicity divided between more than one state
Define and identify examples of nation-states
Germany, Japan, Ireland, Denmark
Colonialism
An attempt by one country to impose political control over another territory
Be familiar with the basic historical motives of European states and establishing colonies
God, glory, gold, power
What US possession is considered to be one of the last remaining and most populous colonies still in existence
Puerto Rico
Describes an independent political entity the exercises sovereignty over an organized area
State
Despite the presence of multiple territorial claims, _________ is the only true massive land mass in the world that is not officially a part of a sovereign state
Antarctica
Define and identify examples of the geographical term frontier
An area rather than a line
Identify features of the physical environment that are commonly used to separate states
Deserts, mountains, lakes, rivers
Which statement would best describe the basis of the boundary between the US and Canada?
Water and geometric
The boundary between Argentina and Chile is a good example of a ___________ boundary
Physical
The eastern part of the border between the US and Mexico is outlined by
Rio Grande
Define and identify characteristics and examples of a state
A mountainous region inhabited by heterogeneous ethnics would share responsibility for maintaining an independent government and a standing army
Extremely small island states in the world, many of which are former European colonies, are commonly referred to as
Microstates
The geography of which South East Asian country is dominated by prorupted strip of land that extends Southport and connects the Asian mainland to the Western front of Malaysia?
Thailand
Identify key examples of a elongated states and south America and Southeast Asia
Chile, Vietnam, Laos, etc.
Why is south Africa considered a perforated state?
There’s another state inside of it
The most fragmented Southeast Asian state is
Indonesia
A geographer would define ________ as the basic term for an independent states political power and supreme authority over a distinctly defined area
Sovereignty
The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves is known as
Self determination
Be familiar with the basic pros and cons of the standard “state shapes”
Compact
Which statement most accurately describes a significant effect of the European Union?
Promoted economic growth and integration throughout Europe, particularly in the west
Be familiar with the basic history of East and West Germany… When? Why?
Existed as separate states from 1949 to 1990
Define the term “balance of power”
Roughly equal strengths between opposing sides
Be familiar with the Cold War history… When? Relationship between superpowers?
The total number of internationally recognized superpowers was much lower than in the past
The 1979 invasion of _______ by the Soviet Union sparked a major rebellion by fundamentalist muslim supported in part by weapons supplied by the United States
Afghanistan
As a result of the 1979 Soviet invasion, Osama bin Laden left Saudi Arabia to join the rebellion of fundamentalist Muslims that often use the term ________ when referring to themselves.
Mujahedeen or “holy warriors”
When the US-supported leader of __________ was ousted from Power in 1979, supporters of the Ayatollah seized the US Embassy and held 62 Americans hostage until early 1981.
Iran
Since the end of the Cold War, Russians has undergone ________ turmoil.
Political and economic
Terrorism differs from assassinations and other acts of political violence because
of attacks
All of the following statements regarding Al Qaeda are true
A) Al-Qaeda has been implicated in several bombing since the US attacks in 2001
B) most Al-Qaeda cell members live in usual society
C) Spawned by Muslim resistance against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan
Some key challenges to establishing a representative government in Iraq after Saddam Hussein have included
Geometric boundaries established by British and French treaties, tribal and ethnic differences between provinces, sectarian conflict between the Shiite and Sunni Muslims, Al-Qaeda insurgents opposed to secular state with US ties
Gerrymandering
The process of redrawing legislative boundaries benefit the party in power
When garrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting that concretes opposition voters into a small number of districts, allowing the party and how are digging control numerous other districts, is termed by a(n) _______ strategy.
Excess vote
