Unit 4 review Flashcards
Why do we use anatomical terms?
- precisely describe the location of features on the bod
- ex: Pimple is 2xm superior to the navel
explain anatomical position
- Standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward, feet together
-
defne anatomical position
- standard position in which structures are described
when not to use anatomical position
- Never apply them sitting or upside down or bent over.
What do the left and right sides refer to?
Left and right sides of the person in anatomical position (not you as observer).
Define anterior:
Anterior= front of body
Give an example using anterior
Navel is on anterior surface of body
Define posterior:
Posterior= back of body
Give an example using posterior
Heel is posterior to the toes
Define superior:
Superior= above or towards the head
Give an example using superior
Point A is superior to point B
Define inferior:
Inferior= below or towards the feet
Give an example using inferior
Point C is inferior to point B
What is the special rule about proximal and distal
Only use when describing 2 points on the SAME limb (arm or leg)
Define proximal:
Proximal= closer to where arm or leg insert into body (shoulder, hip)
Define distal:
Distal= further away from where arm or leg inserts into body
Give an example of proximal from the video:
Knee is proximal to ankle
Give an example of distal from the video:
Wrist is distal to elbow
What does midline refer to?
Midline refers to imaginary line that cuts the body in half vertically
Define medial:
Medial= closer to midline
Define lateral:
Lateral= farther from midline
Your thumb is — to your pinky finger.
lateral
Describe the position of the nose relative (compared to) the eyes
The nose are:
inferior to the eyes
medial to midline
Anterior to the eyes
Why are sections/planes used?
Sections/planes are used for cutting the body into slices. Observe body at different angles
Define the sagittal plane:
Sagittal plane= vertical cut that divides the body into left and right portions
Midsagittal plane=
if cut is through midline
para-sagilital=
if the cut is off from midline
What parts does the frontal plane divide?
The frontal plane are sideway cuts that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
What parts does the transverse plane divide?
The transverse plane horizontally cuts the body into superior and inferior portions
What does the oblique plane refer to?
The oblique plane refers to any diagonal section of the body
The head is —– to the abdomen.
superior
The back is — to the chest.
posterior
The thumb is —- to the elbow.
distal, inferior and lateral
The face is to the back of the head.
anterior
The neck is —- relative to the head.
inferior
The esophagus is (behind) —- to the trachea.
posterior
The hip is —- to the umbilicus (navel or belly button).
inferior and lateral
Abdomin (o)
Related to the abdomen
Aden (o)
Gland
Arthr (o)
Joint
Bronch (i) (o)
bronchi / bronchus
Cardi (o)
Heart
Chol (e)
Bile
Encephal (o)
Head/ brain
Cerebr (o)
Brain
Col (o)
Colon, large intestine
Crani (o)
Skull
Cyst (o)
Bladder, cyst
Cyt (o)
Cell
Dermat (o)
Skin
Dent (i) (o)
Tooth
Enter (o)
Small intestine
Gastr (o)
Stomach
Hem (o)
Blood
Gyn (ec, o)
Woman/Female reproductive system
Hepat (o)
Liver
Hyster (o)
Uterus
Laryng (o)
Larynx
Mast (o)
Breast
My (o)
Muscle
Neur (o)
Nerve
nephr (o)
kidney
Ot (o)
ear
Pharyng (o)
throat, pharynx
Pneum (o)
Lung, air, gas
Proct (o)
Rectum (procedures)
Psych
Mind
Pulm
Relating to the lungs
Py (o)
Pus
Rect (o)
Rectum (organ)
Thorac (o)
Chest
Trache (i) (o)
Trachea
Ur (o)
Urine, urinary tract, urination
Urin (o)
urine
Mening
Meninges
Osteo
bone
