Unit 4: Pure and Impure Substances Flashcards
3 Types of Matter
Element, Compound and Mixture
Element
Cannot be separated further. It is the same type of atom.
Compound
Can be separated through chemical reactions. A bonded version of 2 or more elements. It is the same type of molecule.
Mixture
Cen be separated through chemical and physical reactions. A mixture of 2 or more substances. Not the same type of atom or molecule.
Chemical Change
Change in chemical composition aka formula
Physical Change
Any change that dosent impact the formula
Pure Substances
Elements and Compounds
Substances that are made of only one type of atoms or molecules
Impure Substances
Mixtures
Made of more than one type of atom or molecule
Name and Define of Mixtures
Heterogeneous: Visibly apparent that there are different substances.
Homogeneous or Solutions: All substances are distributed equally and it all looks the same. (could say diffused).
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A solute dissolved in a solvent
What are Alloys
A homogeneous mixture of 2 or more metals
Their proportion (metal 1’s atoms dont have to be the same size as metal 2’s)
Theyre stronger than pure metals
Part of history - Bronze Age
Are Alloys stronger than pure metals? If so, why?
Because when a force is expelled on a metal, the structure slides.
However because their proportion is not the same, the different sizes of metals can distort the lattice. Thus, the layers dont go over each over as easily.
Examples of Alloys
Bronze, Brass, Carbon, Steel Stainless, Steel, Aluminum Alloys and Gold
Gold = Silver + Gold
Most include Cu
Suspension
A heterogeneous mixture. Can be filtered through filter paper.
A fluid with undissolved solid particles (suspension - when you mix and it all stays together for a minute)
(eg. sand + water)
opaque to light
Colloid
A heterogeneous mixture. Cannot be filtered through filter paper.
A fluid with undissolved solid particles. Unlike suspension, not visible to the naked eye and don’t settle down.
(eg. Aerosols, glues, jelly, and smoke)
transparent or translucent to light
Emulsion
A heterogeneous mixture of 2 or more immiscible liquids.
Eventually separate. They don’t settle down.
(eg. mayo, milk, paint, creams.)