Unit 4 - Personality Flashcards
Sigmund Freud believed the _____ is a vast reservoir of often unnaceptable and frequently hard to tolerate thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories.
Unconscious
The Id operates at an unconscious level according to the pleasure principle, and contains what two biological instincts?
Eros and Thanatos
The biological instinct that helps an individual to survive, directs life-sustaining activities, and creates libido energy?
Eros
The biological instinct that is also known as the death instinct, set of destructive forces in all humans, expressed as aggression and violence?
Thanatos
The ____ develops from Id during infancy and has the goal to satisfy Id demands in a safe / acceptable way. It follows the reality principle , and is in the both conscious and unconscious mind.
Ego
Developing during early childhood, the ____ is responsible for ensuring moral standards are followed, motivate us to behave acceptably, and makes a person feel guilty if they don’t follow it.
Superego
The ego uses what mechanism to protect someone from anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality?
Defense mechanism
Retreating to a more infantile psychosexual stage where some psychic energy remains fixated
Regression
Reaction formation is the act of what?
Switching unacceptable impulses into their opposites
Offering self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one’s actions
Rationalization
Shifting sexual / aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable / less threatening object / person
Displacement
An attempt to satisfy an impulse (i.e. aggression) with a substitution in a socially acceptable manner. A sport is an example of putting our emotions into something construction.
Sublimation
What is the name for the fundamental traits, or characteristic behaviors and conscious motives?
Personality
The interaction between our traits and their social context.
Social cognitive perspective
Different people choose to be in different environments, and those environments reinforce personalities.
Reciprocal determinsm
