Unit 4- Organic Reactions Flashcards
The addition of hydrogen to an alkane can also be classified as _____.
Reduction
Can tertiary alcohols be oxidised?
No
The condensation of a carboxylic acid and an amine produces which type of compound?
Amide
Describe how to test for a primary alcohol.
Add an ox agent (EG KMNO4) - it will change colour
Describe the products of the oxidation of a primary alcohol
Aldehyde then carboxylic acid
Describe two different reactions that could be used to produce propan-2-ol
Hydration of propene (+ H2O) Substitution of 2-halopropane (+ NaOH)
Desribe a chemical test to distinguish hexane from hexene
Add bromine water, alkene becomes colourless first (without UV light)
Determine the products of the hydrolysis of ethyl propanoate
Ethanol and propanoic acid
Determine the reactant needed to produce 2- fluoropentane from pent- 2-ene
HF
Elimination reactions produce _____ compounds.
Unsaturated
Haloalkanes can undergo elimination or substitution when reacting with NaOH. Which conditions promote elimination?
High temp, conc NaOH, ethanol solvent
Identfy two reaction types that produce amines
Reduction (of a nitrile) Substitution (of a haloalkane)
Identify the class of compound produced when a haloalkane undergoes substitution with ammonia (NH3)
Amine
Identify the products of complete combustion.
Water and carbon dioxide
Identify the reactant needed to produce hexanenitrile from 1- chloropentane
KCN
Identify two differenet products of condensation reactions
Ester + amide
Markovnikov’s rule applied to addition reactions with hydrogen halides says that..
the hydrogen atom will be added to the carbon with the greatest number of hydrogen atoms
Name the product when 2-chlorobutane reacts with dilute NaOH at room temperature
Butan-2-ol
Name the product when ethane reacts with chlorine (in UV light)
chloroethane
Name the product when water reacts with but-1-ene
Butan-2-ol (Markovnikov’s rule)
Name two common oxidising agents
dichromate (VI) / (Cr2O72-) permanganate / manganate (VII) / (MnO4)-
True or false - amides are basic?
False (amines are basic)
What colour change is associated with the oxidation of an alcohol with potassium dichromate?
Orange to green
What colour would you expect to see when potassium manganate (VII) is combined with a) propan-1- ol and b) methylpropan-2-ol
a) purple -> colourless / brown PPT
b) purple (no change)
