Unit 4 Must Know People Flashcards
Napoleon Bonaparte
Emperor of France from 1804-1815, power via coup d’etat. Hero of French Revolution, legal reform (Napoleonic code) influenced other legal systems. One of the most superior military commanders. Also really touchy about his height.
Adam Smith
Enlightenment thinker, author of Wealth of Nations. Considered founder of Capitalism.
Prince Klemens von Metternich
Austrian Foreign Minister, led Congress of Vienna (1814-1815). Conservative stance on rebuilding Europe after Napoleonic wars.
Karl Marx
Co-author of Communist Manifesto- Societies progress through class struggle between upper classes and working class
Frederich Engels
Co-Author of Comunist Manifesto- Made contributions fo family economics
Commodore Matthew Perry
Played a key role in opening of Japan to the West (russia, britain, US) and Open Door Policy. Father of the Steam Navy in US
Simon Bolivar
Venezuelan who played key role in Latin American independence from Spain, helped lay foundations for democratic ideology in most of Latin America
Abraham Lincoln
President of US during Civil War
Porfirio Diaz
President of Mexico from 1876-1911. Fought as a rebel during French intervention and at Battle of Puebla. Overthrown during Mexican revolution
Muhammad Ali
Self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan. Founder of Modern Egypt for his military and industrial reforms.
Cecil Rhodes
English-born South African businessman responsible for claiming much of Africa for Britain (“Cape Town to Cario”)
Queen Victoria
Longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom and Ireland, named Empress of India
King Leopold II
King of Belgium and owner of Congo Free State in Africa, used forced labor to acquire rubber
Alexander II
Russian czar responsible for emancipation of Russia’s serfs in 1861 and attempted other reforms in Russia after the defeat in the Crimean War
Baron de Montesquieu
Enlightenment thinker who advocated the separation of powers and checks and balances within a government
Robert Boyle
Modern Chemistry!
Thomas Jefferson
American founding father, president, principal author of the Declaration of Independence
Jean Jacques Rousseau
French philosopher whose ideas of the social contract influenced both the American and French revolutions
John Locke
English philosopher who believed all MEN were born with natural rights and it was the duty of the government to protect those rights. His work influenced founding fathers.
Marie Curie
Polish physicist and chemical responsible for pioneering research on radioactivity. Received two nobel prizes in science for her research
Issac Newton
English mathematician who discovered the laws of motion and universal gravitation. Also shares credit for the creation of calculus.
Louis Pasteur
French chemist whose experiments supported the germ theory of disease, helped create first vaccines
Voltaire
French enlightenment thinker, satirist who was a proponent of freedom of religion and expression, separation of church and state
James Watt
Scottish inventor remember for steam engine
