Unit 4 Must Know People

Question 1

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 1

Emperor of France from 1804-1815, power via coup d’etat. Hero of French Revolution, legal reform (Napoleonic code) influenced other legal systems. One of the most superior military commanders. Also really touchy about his height.

Question 2

Adam Smith

Answer 2

Enlightenment thinker, author of Wealth of Nations. Considered founder of Capitalism.

Question 3

Prince Klemens von Metternich

Answer 3

Austrian Foreign Minister, led Congress of Vienna (1814-1815). Conservative stance on rebuilding Europe after Napoleonic wars.

Question 4

Karl Marx

Answer 4

Co-author of Communist Manifesto- Societies progress through class struggle between upper classes and working class

Question 5

Frederich Engels

Answer 5

Co-Author of Comunist Manifesto- Made contributions fo family economics

Question 6

Commodore Matthew Perry

Answer 6

Played a key role in opening of Japan to the West (russia, britain, US) and Open Door Policy. Father of the Steam Navy in US

Question 7

Simon Bolivar

Answer 7

Venezuelan who played key role in Latin American independence from Spain, helped lay foundations for democratic ideology in most of Latin America

Question 8

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 8

President of US during Civil War

Question 9

Porfirio Diaz

Answer 9

President of Mexico from 1876-1911. Fought as a rebel during French intervention and at Battle of Puebla. Overthrown during Mexican revolution

Question 10

Muhammad Ali

Answer 10

Self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan. Founder of Modern Egypt for his military and industrial reforms.

Question 11

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 11

English-born South African businessman responsible for claiming much of Africa for Britain (“Cape Town to Cario”)

Question 12

Queen Victoria

Answer 12

Longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom and Ireland, named Empress of India

Question 13

King Leopold II

Answer 13

King of Belgium and owner of Congo Free State in Africa, used forced labor to acquire rubber

Question 14

Alexander II

Answer 14

Russian czar responsible for emancipation of Russia’s serfs in 1861 and attempted other reforms in Russia after the defeat in the Crimean War

Question 15

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 15

Enlightenment thinker who advocated the separation of powers and checks and balances within a government

Question 16

Robert Boyle

Answer 16

Modern Chemistry!

Question 17

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 17

American founding father, president, principal author of the Declaration of Independence

Question 18

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 18

French philosopher whose ideas of the social contract influenced both the American and French revolutions

Question 19

John Locke

Answer 19

English philosopher who believed all MEN were born with natural rights and it was the duty of the government to protect those rights. His work influenced founding fathers.

Question 20

Marie Curie

Answer 20

Polish physicist and chemical responsible for pioneering research on radioactivity. Received two nobel prizes in science for her research

Question 21

Issac Newton

Answer 21

English mathematician who discovered the laws of motion and universal gravitation. Also shares credit for the creation of calculus.

Question 22

Louis Pasteur

Answer 22

French chemist whose experiments supported the germ theory of disease, helped create first vaccines

Question 23

Voltaire

Answer 23

French enlightenment thinker, satirist who was a proponent of freedom of religion and expression, separation of church and state

Question 24

James Watt

Answer 24

Scottish inventor remember for steam engine