Unit 4: Migrant, Disability & LG+ Rights: Cases & Examples Flashcards
What role does Natasha Bakht see for the Charter in Canada’s society?
a) A tool for promoting majoritarian interests
b) A justice-seeking document ensuring protection for minorities
c) A mechanism for enforcing secularism
d) A set of outdated principles with limited applicability
b) A justice-seeking document ensuring protection for minorities
Razack describes the niqab-wearing woman as being seen as:
a) An empowered symbol of cultural pride
b) A coerced victim and a profound threat simultaneously
c) A neutral figure in public life
d) A supporter of universal human rights
b) A coerced victim and a profound threat simultaneously
What does Dr. Razack argue is the foundation of bans on Muslim garments like the niqab?
a) Solid legal arguments supported by universal principles
b) Emotional biases and racial fantasies that reinforce social stratification
c) Scientific evidence of public safety risks
d) Universal values of gender equality
b) Emotional biases and racial fantasies that reinforce social stratification
What is one reported effect of Bill 21 on Muslim women in Quebec?
a) Increased feelings of safety and societal inclusion
b) A greater willingness to engage in political and social life
c) A worsening sense of well-being, acceptance, and safety
d) More opportunities in public-sector employment
c) A worsening sense of well-being, acceptance, and safety
Natasha Bakht criticizes Quebec’s use of Section 33 (the notwithstanding clause) in Bill 21 because:
a) It only targets Muslim men
b) It undermines religious freedom and sets a dangerous precedent for minority rights
c) It supports universal religious expression
d) It applies equally to all citizens
b) It undermines religious freedom and sets a dangerous precedent for minority rights
According to Dr. Razack, anti-Muslim racism is defined by:
a) Prejudice limited to individual biases against Muslims
b) Structural and systemic discrimination that racializes Muslims and their practices
c) Disagreements over theological interpretations in public discourse
d) A historical relic of colonial attitudes that no longer applies today
b) Structural and systemic discrimination that racializes Muslims and their practices
Gayatri Spivak’s critique of feminism and Orientalism highlights:
a) The empowerment of all women through cross-cultural unity
b) Western women positioning themselves as saviors of oppressed Third World women
c) The shared struggle of Western and Eastern women against patriarchy
d) The rejection of Western intervention in feminist movements
b) Western women positioning themselves as saviors of oppressed Third World women
Neo-Orientalism refers to:
a) An outdated academic concept with no relevance today
b) New forms of Orientalism that shape contemporary perceptions of Muslims and Arab cultures
c) A post-modernist critique of colonialism
d) A cultural shift toward embracing diversity in the Middle East
b) New forms of Orientalism that shape contemporary perceptions of Muslims and Arab cultures
What term refers to a form of Orientalism that shapes contemporary perceptions of Muslims and Arab cultures?
a) Post-Orientalism
b) Neo-Orientalism
c) Modern Orientalism
d) Anti-Orientalism
b) Neo-Orientalism
Define New Orientalism, Written Format!
New forms of Orientalism that shape contemporary perceptions of Muslims and Arab cultures.
What term, coined by Palestinian-American academic and literary critic Edward Said, describes the Western portrayal of Eastern, especially Arab, cultures as inferior, exotic, and unchanging, used to assert Western superiority and authority?
a) Orientalism
b) Neo-Orientalism
c) Post-Colonialism
d) Cultural Hegemony
a) Orientalism
What term, coined by Palestinian-American academic and literary critic Edward Said, describes the Western portrayal of Eastern, especially Arab, cultures as inferior, exotic, and unchanging, used to assert Western superiority and authority?
Orientalism
Who was the individual who coined the term Orientalism to describe Western portrayals of Eastern cultures as inferior and unchanging?
a) Gayatri Spivak
b) Edward Said
c) Natasha Bakht
d) Jasmin Zine
b) Edward Said
Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism describes:
a) The fair and balanced representation of Eastern cultures by Western academics
b) The Western view of Arab cultures as eternal, unchanging, and incapable of self-governance
c) A neutral cultural exchange between the East and West
d) A system of shared admiration between the Christian West and Muslim East
b) The Western view of Arab cultures as eternal, unchanging, and incapable of self-governance
What does Section 33, the “notwithstanding clause,” allow governments to do?
a) Amend the Charter permanently
b) Override fundamental freedoms for a five-year renewable period
c) Eliminate minority rights permanently
d) Promote religious equality in public institutions
b) Override fundamental freedoms for a five-year renewable period
What law prohibits public workers in Quebec from wearing religious symbols?
a) Section 33
b) Bill 21
c) Charter of Rights and Freedoms
d) The Religious Neutrality Act
b) Bill 21
What law prohibits public workers in Quebec from wearing religious symbols?
Bill 21
What is one criticism Natasha Bakht raises about Section 33
a) It limits the Charter’s applicability to minorities
b) It is rarely used by governments
c) It undermines court decisions
d) It allows unchecked violations of human rights norms
d) It allows unchecked violations of human rights norms
What does Natasha Bakht believe courts must do regarding Section 33?
a) Defer to legislative authority
b) Assume their role in protecting fundamental principles
c) Create new guidelines for Section 33 usage
d) Ignore its impact on minorities
Answer: b) Assume their role in protecting fundamental principles
What does Natasha Bakht describe as a “clear and extreme case of injustice”?
a) The limitations of Section 33
b) The normalization of Bill 21
c) The Charter’s lack of enforcement mechanisms
d) The absence of protections for religious freedoms
b) The normalization of Bill 21
Which of the following is an example of discriminatory treatment faced by Muslim women after Bill 21?
a) Being called a “dirty immigrant” by a police officer.
b) Having their hijabs ripped off.
c) Facing death threats.
d) All of the above.
d) All of the above.
Which group is specifically impacted by Bill 21 according to the survey?
a) Religious minorities.
b) Political activists.
c) Non-religious individuals.
d) Only Muslim men.
a) Religious minorities.
What is the name of the clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms that allows the government to override specific rights, such as religious freedom, freedom of expression (Section 2), legal rights (Sections 7-14), and equality rights (Section 15), for a renewable five-year period?
Section 33
Explain Section 33?
A notwithstanding clause contained within the Charter of Rights and Freedoms that allows the gov’t to override and disregard certain rights for a renewable period of 5 years.
What are attitudinal barriers most commonly associated with?
A. Preservation of cultural traditions
B. Stigma and stereotypes about disabled individuals
C. Focus on individual empowerment
D. Technological advancements for accessibility
B. Stigma and stereotypes about disabled individuals
Which of the following best describes the eugenic model of disability?
A. It views disability as a medical issue requiring treatment.
B. It focuses on eliminating “undesirable” traits from society.
C. It advocates for equal rights and privileges for disabled people.
D. It defines disability as a natural part of human diversity.
B. It focuses on eliminating “undesirable” traits from society.
Which model of disability views disability as a genetic or social defect that should be minimized or eliminated to “improve” society, often categorizing groups like women, people of color, and the working class under the umbrella of disability?
A. Medical Model
B. Eugenic Model
C. Radical Model
D. Social Model
B. Eugenic Model
Which model of disability views disability as a genetic or social defect that should be minimized or eliminated to “improve” society, often categorizing groups like women, people of color, and the working class under the umbrella of disability?
Eugenic Model
Define, Eugenic Model, Written Format!
Views disability as a genetic or social defect that should be minimized or eliminated to “improve” society, often categorizing groups like women, people of color, and the working class under the umbrella of disability.
Which model of disability defines disability as a medical problem that needs to be diagnosed, treated, or cured, focusing on aligning individuals with societal norms, and often marginalizing disabled individuals by ignoring broader social contexts?
A. Charity Model
B. Rights Model
C. Medical Model
D. Social Model
C. Medical Model
Which model of disability defines disability as a medical problem that needs to be diagnosed, treated, or cured, focusing on aligning individuals with societal norms, and often marginalizing disabled individuals by ignoring broader social contexts?
Medical Model
