Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 223 > Unit 4 Lab Exam > Flashcards

Unit 4 Lab Exam Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Kidney

A

Removes waste from blood and returns clean blood to body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ureter

A

Duct where urine passes from kidney to bladder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Urinary Bladder

A

Temporary storage for urine. Active excretory organ.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Uretha

A

Duct that urine is conveyed out of body through.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the Nephron in the kidney consist of?

A

Renal Corpuscle (glomerulus capsule and capsular space)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

6 Organs of urinary System?

A

2 Kidneys
2 Ureters
1 Bladder
1 Urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Renal Capsule

A

Outer layer of kidney (outside of bean).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Renal Hilus

A

Slit that receives renal artery, renal vein, ureter, lymphs, and nerves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Renal Sinus

A

Medial cavity inside Hilus. Contains blood vessels, nerves, and urine collecting structures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ketonuria

A

The ketones in urine, byproduct of lipids metabolizing. Can be caused by being diabetic- body metabolized lipids when there isn’t glucose, byproduct of lipid breakdown is ketones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Albuminuria

A

Protein in urine, can be caused by kidney disease or trauma. A damaged glomerulus can cause these proteins to leak from the blood to urine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Glycosuria

A

Glucose in urine. Usually very little, can indicate Diabetes mellitus if very high.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pyuria

A

When you have high WBC counts in urine. These leukocytes or pus are visible. These WBC’s are an immune defense against UTIs and other infections, they indicate an infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hemoglobinuria

A

Hemoglobins, Heme, and RBC in urine. Indicates Hematuria. Can be caused by kidney damage, burns, or intense crushing trauma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Receptor

A

Detects the stimulus and initiates a nerve impulse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Conducts nerve impulse from receptor to central nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Interneuron synapses

A

One or several synapses in the central nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Motor neuron

A

Conducts the nerve impulse from central nervous system to the effector.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Responder/Effector

A

The part of the body that responds, can be muscle that contracts or gland that secretes a product.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

2 Reflex classifications

A

Somatic
Visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Somatic reflex

A

Effector/responder is skeletal muscle. Voluntary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Visceral reflex

A

Effector/responder is either smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or secreting gland. Involuntary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the receptor involved in patellar reflex?

A

Muscle Spindle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the effector involved in patellar reflex?

A

The Quadricep Muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Classify the patellar reflex?

A

Somatic reflex. Effector is skeletal muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Ipsilateral response

A

Reflex only observed on one side.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Contralateral response

A

Reflex is observed on both sides from only one side of stimulus.

28
Q

What is consensual reflex?

A

Contraction of the opposite pupil.

29
Q

Is the consensual reflex an ipsilateral or contralateral response?

A

Contralateral, opposite side.

30
Q

What is the tissue receptor involved in the pupillary reflexes?

A

Retinal Photoreceptors.

31
Q

What is the effector involved in the pupillary reflexes?

A

The radial muscle.

32
Q

Classify the pupillary reflex.

A

Visceral Effector. Effector is smooth muscle.

33
Q

What are pain receptors called?

A

Nociceptors.

34
Q

Sensation that continues as long as stimulus is present.

A

Tonic sensation.

35
Q

Sensation that dissipates over time even though stimulus is still there.

A

Phasic sensation.

36
Q

What is the general type of receptor involved in pain?

A

Nocieptors.

37
Q

Are nociceptors a tonic or phasic sensation?

A

Tonic, dissipates after stimulus is removed.

38
Q

Proprioceptors.

A

Receptors that detect body position.

39
Q

Adaptation.

A

Tendency for detection of stimulus to be smaller the longer the stimulus is present. It fades/dissipates over a period of the same stimulus. Bad smelling room or loud fan.

40
Q

Are the receptors for smell phasic or tonic?

A

Phasic.

41
Q

Tastants.

A

Chemicals that you can taste only once they’re dissolved.

42
Q

Why couldn’t you taste the sugar right away?

A

Sugar is a tastant. It must dissolve to be tasted by taste buds.

43
Q

Reciporical innervation.

A

Antagonistic muscles relax to prevent opposition to the contraction or reflex. Hamstrings relaxes as quad contracts.

44
Q

4 properties of reflexes?

A

Stimulus
Quick
Involuntary
Stereotyped

45
Q

Urinalysis.

A
46
Q

Specific Gravity.

A

Ration of solvent to solute in urine. If abnormal, hydration is off.

47
Q

Polyuria.

A

More than 2 L of urine a day. Caused by Diabetes.

48
Q

Oliguria.

A

Less than 500 mL of urine a day. Caused by kidney disease.

49
Q

Anuria.

A

Less than 100 mL of urine a day. Caused kidney disease.

50
Q

Diuretic.

A

Any chemical that increases urine volume. Can decrease blood volume/blood pressure.

51
Q

Renal clearance.

A

Volume of plasma cleared of waste in 1 minute. Can determine diseases.

52
Q

Inulin.

A

A prebiotic that is filtered and not reabsorbed. Makes it hard to determine GFR. Glomerular Filteration Rate.

53
Q

Normal Appearance of urine.

A

Yellow. Affected by diet/hydration.

54
Q

Normal odor of urine.

A
55
Q

Normal osmolarity of urine.

A

Blood 300 mOsm/L
Urine 50-1200 mOsm/L

56
Q

Normal pH of urine.

A

3.6-8

57
Q

What causes diabetes Insipidus?

A

Too much ADH and ADH insensitivity.

58
Q

Urinometer.

A

Small hydrometer that detects specific gravity of urine.

59
Q

Urinary Casts.

A

Cylindrical molds of renal tubule lumens. Can be Epithelial or Granular.

60
Q

Epithelial Casts.

A

Dead epithelial cells.

61
Q

Granular Casts.

A

Degenerated epithelial or pus casts.

62
Q

Pus casts.

A

Caused by UTI.

63
Q

What is a cystine?

A

An Amino Acid.

64
Q

Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate.

A

Indicates UTI.

65
Q

Cholesterol.

A

Prescense indicates renal disease.

66
Q

Uric Acid.

A

Product of protein metabolism. Could indicate diabetes.

67
Q

What is tryosine?

A

An amino acid.

Biology 223 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions