Chapter 35 - 5 Flashcards
Growth, Morphogenesis, and Cell Differentiation
What is the definition of development?
Changes in which cells form organs.
What is development controlled by? 2 things
Genetics
Environment
What is developmental plasticity?
The ability to form and create other cells, organs, and functions from another cell.
What does developmental plasticity depend on?
The environment.
What do aquatic fanworts have to do with developmental plasticity?
Leaf types, depending on water submersion or not, have the ability to develop differently, depending on environment.
How does the difference of leaf types occur in water aquatic fanworts/lily pads?
The cells of the apical meristem understanding if they are submerged or at the surface.
What is a model species?
A species that is easy to experiment with. A good baseline for other plant characteristics. (lab rat of plants)
What family does Arabidopsis thaliana belong to?
Mustard family
What is Arabidopsis thaliana widely acknowledged as?
A weed, no agricultural value
What is the generation time of Arabidopsis thaliana?
6 week
How many seed per Arabidopsis thaliana plant?
5,000 seeds
How does the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana compare to other plants?
One of the smallest genomes of all plants. 27,000 genes.
How many chromosomes does Arabidopsis thalian have?
5 chromosomes
What is significant about Arabidopsis thaliana genetics?
They are extremely easy to manipulate
What is the term for something being easy to manipulate?
Plasmid transformation
Most plant growth is through _________ and _________
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
What is hypertrophy?
Cells getting bigger (and therefore tissues)
What is hyperplasia?
Cells multiplying (and therefore tissues and organs)