Unit 4: Iteration

Question 1

.equals(String string)

Answer 1

A method that is used to compare two strings for equality. It checks if both strings have exactly the same characters in the same order.

Question 2

.length()

Answer 2

A method that is used to find the length or number of characters in a string.

Question 3

.substring(int index)

Answer 3

A method that is used to extract and return part of a string starting from the specified index position.

Question 4

2D Arrays

Answer 4

Data structures that store values in a grid-like format with rows and columns. They allow for the organization and manipulation of data in a two-dimensional manner.

Question 5

Boolean Expression

Answer 5

A statement that evaluates to either true or false. It typically involves the use of comparison operators (such as ==, <, >) and logical operators (such as &&, ||).

Question 6

Complex Algorithms

Answer 6

Sets of instructions or procedures designed to solve intricate problems or perform complex tasks. They often involve multiple steps, decision-making processes, and data manipulation techniques.

Question 7

Control Structures

Answer 7

Programming constructs that determine the flow of execution in a program. They allow you to make decisions and repeat actions based on certain conditions.

Question 8

Exam Weighting

Answer 8

Refers to the allocation of points or marks given to each section or topic in an exam. It determines how much each part contributes to the overall score.

Question 9

For Loop

Answer 9

A control flow statement that allows you to repeatedly execute a block of code for a specified number of times or until certain conditions are met.

Question 10

Iteration

Answer 10

Refers to the process of repeating a set of instructions multiple times in order to achieve a desired outcome. It allows for efficient execution of repetitive tasks without having to write redundant code.

Question 11

Iteration Statement

Answer 11

Also known as a loop, allows for repeated execution of a block of code based on a specified condition. It helps automate repetitive tasks and saves time.

Question 12

Loop Conditions

Answer 12

The conditions that determine whether a loop should continue executing or stop. They are typically expressed as boolean expressions and are evaluated before each iteration of the loop.

Question 13

Loops

Answer 13

Control structures in programming that allow you to repeatedly execute a block of code until a specified condition is met. They provide an efficient way to perform repetitive tasks without writing redundant code.

Question 14

Nested For Loops

Answer 14

A way to repeat a set of instructions multiple times within another loop. It allows you to iterate over elements in a multi-dimensional data structure, such as a 2D array.

Question 15

Nested if statements

Answer 15

Conditional statements that are placed inside another conditional statement. They allow for more complex decision-making by checking multiple conditions within each other.

Question 16

Return Statement

Answer 16

Used in functions/methods to specify what value should be sent back as output when the function is called. It terminates the execution of a function and returns control back to where it was called from.

Question 17

Reversing a String

Answer 17

Changing the order of its characters so that the last character becomes the first, the second-to-last character becomes the second, and so on.

Question 18

String Methods

Answer 18

Built-in functions in programming languages that allow manipulation and processing of strings (sequences of characters). They provide useful operations such as finding substrings, replacing characters, converting case, and more.

Question 19

String Traversals

Answer 19

Refer to the process of accessing and examining each character in a string. It involves iterating through the characters one by one.

Question 20

Tracing

Answer 20

Refers to the process of following the execution of a program step by step to understand how it works and identify any errors or bugs.

Question 21

while loop

Answer 21

A control flow statement that allows a block of code to be executed repeatedly as long as a specified condition is true.

Question 22

Write Methods

Answer 22

Refers to the process of creating reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks. These methods can be called multiple times throughout a program, making the code more organized and efficient.

Question 23

Boolean Statement

Answer 23

An expression that evaluates to either true or false. It is used in programming to make decisions and control the flow of a program.

Question 24

Break statement

Answer 24

Used in loops (such as for and while loops) and switch statements to terminate their execution prematurely. It allows programmers to exit out of these constructs before reaching their natural end.

Question 25

Counter

Answer 25

A variable that keeps track of a value, usually used to count or iterate through a loop.

Question 26

divisibility modulo

Answer 26

Divisibility modulo refers to determining whether one number is divisible by another using modular arithmetic. It involves calculating the remainder when dividing one number by another.

Question 27

Exception Handling

Answer 27

A mechanism in programming that allows you to handle and manage errors or exceptional situations that may occur during the execution of a program. It helps prevent the program from crashing by providing alternative paths or actions when an error occurs.

Question 28

finally block

Answer 28

A section of code that follows a try-catch block and is always executed, regardless of whether an exception occurs or not. It is commonly used to perform cleanup tasks or release resources.

Question 29

Flag

Answer 29

In programming, this is a variable or condition that acts as a signal or indicator. It helps control the flow of execution within a program.

Question 30

Infinite Loop

Answer 30

A programming construct where a set of instructions keeps repeating indefinitely, causing the program to get stuck and not progress further.

Question 31

Loop Body

Answer 31

Refers to the block of code that gets executed repeatedly in a loop. It contains the instructions that are repeated until the loop condition becomes false.

Question 32

NumberFormatException

Answer 32

An exception that occurs when you try to convert a string into a numeric type (like int or double), but the string does not have the appropriate format for conversion.

Question 33

Scanner class

Answer 33

A built-in Java class that allows users to read input from various sources, such as the keyboard or a file.

Question 34

ArrayList

Answer 34

A dynamic data structure that allows you to store and manipulate collections of objects. Unlike arrays, ArrayLists can grow or shrink dynamically as needed.

Question 35

Arrays

Answer 35

A collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations. They have a fixed size and can be accessed using an index.

Question 36

Conditional Expression

Answer 36

A statement that evaluates to either true or false based on the condition provided. It is commonly used in decision-making structures like if statements and loops.

Question 37

Incrementer

Answer 37

An operator used to increase the value of a variable by one. It’s commonly used in loops and counting scenarios.

Question 38

System.out.println

Answer 38

A Java statement used to display output on the console. It prints the specified message or value and adds a new line character at the end.

Question 39

Traverse

Answer 39

Refers to the process of accessing each element in a data structure (such as arrays or linked lists) one by one, usually for performing some operation on them.

Question 40

Equals Method

Answer 40

A method in Java that is used to compare two objects for equality. It checks if the values of the objects are the same, rather than comparing their memory addresses.

Question 41

Loop Increment

Answer 41

The step in programming where variables are updated or modified after each iteration of a loop. It determines how the loop progresses and when it will eventually terminate.

Question 42

Loop Initialization

Answer 42

The step in programming where variables are assigned initial values before entering a loop. It sets up the starting conditions for the loop’s execution.

Question 43

Reverse

Answer 43

To change the order of its characters, so that the last character becomes the first, the second-to-last becomes the second, and so on.

Question 44

Sliding Window

Answer 44

A technique used in computer science and algorithms where a fixed-size window moves through an array or string to perform operations on subarrays or substrings. It allows for efficient processing of data by avoiding redundant calculations.

Question 45

boolean

Answer 45

A data type that can only have two possible values – true or false. It is often used in programming to make decisions and control the flow of a program.

Question 46

Continue

Answer 46

A keyword used within loops (such as for or while loops) to skip the rest of the current iteration and move on to the next one. It allows you to control which iterations should be executed based on certain conditions.

Question 47

Nested Iteration

Answer 47

Refers to the process of using one loop inside another loop. This allows for repeated execution of a block of code within another block of code.

Question 48

prime number

Answer 48

A positive integer greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. In simpler terms, it’s a number that cannot be evenly divided by any other numbers except for 1 and itself.

Question 49

System.out.print

Answer 49

A Java statement used to display output on the console. It allows you to print text or values directly to the standard output stream.

Question 50

Zero-based indexing

Answer 50

A numbering system where the first element in an array or list is assigned index 0 instead of 1. This means that elements are accessed by their position relative to zero.

Question 51

Nested For Loop

Answer 51

A loop structure where one loop is placed inside another loop. It allows for the repetition of a set of instructions within another set of instructions, resulting in more complex and controlled iterations.

Question 52

Variables

Answer 52

Named storage locations in computer memory that hold values which can be changed during program execution.