Unit 4: Homeostasis Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
a) the process in which internal conditions are kept at a tolerable range
b) the process in which interal conditions are kept constant
c) the process in which the body responds to external conditions
d) the process in which the interal temperature is kept constant
a) the process in which internal conditions are kept at a tolerable range
Which term refers to organisims that obtain heat frimarily from internal physiological sources?
a) allotherms
b) ectotherms
c) exotherms
d) endotherms
d) endotherms
What is the role of the integrator?
a) to activate the effector if necessary
b) to return the system to its optimal state
c) to detect changes in the environment
d) to respond to the stimulus
a) to activate the effector if necessary
What is a poikilotherm?
a) a group that includes mammals and birds
b) an animal whose body temperature varies with the external environment
c) an animal that can maintain a stable body temperature regardless of external conditions
d) all of the above
b) an animal whose body temperature varies with the external environment
How could you classify an animal that behaviourally regulates its body temperature during the daytime?
a) homeothermic endotherm
b) poikilothermic ectotherm
c) homeothermic ectotherm
d) poikilothermic endotherm
c) homeothermic ectotherm
What is an example of thermal acclimatization?
a) a lizard sunning itself on a rock
b) freshwater fish moving to deeper waters during hot summer days
c) the Galapagos marine iguana increasing the blood flow to exposed areas of skin
d) the wood frog spending winter in a frozen state
d) the wood frog spending winter in a frozen state
What is osmoregulation?
a) the regulating of osmotic pressure in bodily fluids and cells
b) the regulating of water in cells
c) the regulating of hydrostatic pressure in bodily fluids and cells
d) all of the above
a) the regulating of osmotic pressure in bodily fluids and cells
What would happen if a squid were mistakenly put in freshwater?
a) It would be hyperosmotic to the freshwater and could not osmoregulate.
b) It would be hypoosmotic to the freshwater and could not osmoregulate.
c) Its cells would dehydrate.
d) It could not handle the change in osmotic and hydrostatic pressures.
a) It would be hyperosmotic to the freshwater and could not osmoregulate.
In relation to the seawater around them, lobsters and other marine invertebrates are
a) Hyperosmotic.
b) Isoosmotic.
c) Hypertonic.
d) Hypoosmotic.
b) isoosmotic.
Which term refers to the non-selective movement of water and several solutes into the tubules of the excretory system?
a) Reabsorbtion
b) Filtration
c) Release
d) Secretion
b) Filtration
What part of the kidney is considered to be the functional unit?
a) Renal medulla
b) Nephron
c) Glomerulus
d) Bowman’s capsule
b) Nephron
What causes kidney stones to form?
a) a buildup of cholesterol
b) a buildup of mineral solutes combined with calcium
c) a buildup of mineral solutes, such as oxalates, phosphates, and carbonates
d) a buildup of calcium
b) a buildup of mineral solutes combined with calcium
Which of these is a protein hormone?
a) Glucagon
b) Aldosterone
c) Testosterone
d) Estradiol
a) Glucagon
Why do the target tissues for steroid hormones and thyroid hormones not have membrane receptors for these hormones?
a) The hormones are small enough to diffuse directly into the cell.
b) The hormones are soluble in the lipid bilayer.
c) The hormones stimulate the cell by changes in electrical activity.
d) The hormones enter the cells by ion channels.
b) The hormones are soluble in the lipid bilayer.
What are prohormones?
a) a hormone that has bound to a receptor cell
b) an inactive or less active form of hormone
c) a type of protein hormone
d) a group of hormones that work together
b) an inactive or less active form of hormone
