Unit 4 Exam Review

Question 1

What is the negative feedback system?

Answer 1

mechanism of homeostatic response by which the output of a system reverses a chnage in a variable, bringing the variable back within normal range

Question 2

What is the positive feedback system?

Answer 2

mechanism of homeostatic response by which the output of a system strenghten or increases a change in a variable

Question 3

What are the stress hormones?

Answer 3

cortisol and adreneline

Question 4

What is the function of the kidneys?

Answer 4

removing waste, balancing blood pH and maintaining water
balance.

Question 5

What is a nephron?

Answer 5

Afferent arterioles from the renal artery branch into a capillary bed (glomerulus)

Question 6

What is the Bowmans capsule?

Answer 6

cap-like formation at the top of each nephron that serves as a filtration structure

Question 7

What is a filtrate?

Answer 7

filtered fluid that proceeds from the glomerulus into the Bowmans capsule of the nephron

Question 8

What is the loop of henley?

Answer 8

Tubular portion of the nephron that lies between the proximal tubule

Question 9

What is stage one of the formation of urine?

Answer 9

Filtration:Solutes and water move from the blood into the Bowman’s capsule. Dissolved solutes move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
– 2.5 times greater pressure than in a normal
capillary bed.

Question 10

What is stage two?

Answer 10

Reabsorption: Solutes and water move from the nephron back into the blood

Question 11

What is stage three?

Answer 11

Movement of wastes from the blood into the nephron via active transport. Includes nitrogenous wastes, excess H+ and K+ ions.