Unit 4 Ecology Flashcards
What is ecology?
The study of relationships of living things
What are abiotic factors?
Non living components
Examples: climate, water, temp
What are biotic factors?
Living components
Examples: animals, plants, micro organisms
What are the levels of ecology organizations?
- Individual
- Population
- community
- Ecosystem
- Biome
What is the population?
A group of individuals of the same species living together in the same area
What is a community?
A natural occurring group of organisms living together in the same area
What is an ecosystem?
An interacting system that consist of group of organisms
What is a biome?
Any geographical region with its own physical features
What is a ecotone?
The transition of organisms from one ecosystem to another
What is a niche?
A niche is the role the species places in a ecosystem
What is keystone species?
A species that more important than one would expect
What is a artificial ecosystem?
An ecosystem that is planned or maintained by humans
What is a natural ecosystem?
An ecosystem that is not planned or maintain by humans
What is a biosphere made of?
Lithosphere(on land)
Hydrosphere (in water)
Atmosphere ( in air )
What is albedo?
The measurement of the percentage of light an object reflects
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide+water+sunlight=sugar+ oxygen
What is the formula for cellular respiration?
Sugar+oxygen=carbon+water+energy
What is the formula for population growth?
(Natality+immigration) - ( deaths+emigration)
Change in population GR=—
What is the population chart thing
Lag phase Growth Carry capacity Death phase Steady state ( equilibrium)
What are the trophies levels?
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers
What are the classification of systems of species at risk?
Vulnerable Threatened Extirpated Endangered Extinct
What are the two laws of physics about energy flow through the ecosystem?
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed and can only be change from one form to another
- When energy transferred between tropic level energy is loss through the release of heat
What is the water cycle?
Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Runoff Infiltration Transportation
What is the law of minimum?
The law of minimum states that the nutrient in least supply is the one which limits growth
What is the law of tolerance states?
The law of tolerance states that an organisms can only survive within a certain range of abiotic factors
What are the types of relationships?
Predation Symbiosis Motalism Commensalism Paratism Parasite Host
What is competition?
2 living things have have slimline food and habits
What is symbiosis?
Relationship where 2 living thing live close together
What is motalism?
Where both organisms benefit
What is commensalism?
Where one benefits and the other is not effected
What is paratism?
Where one is benefits and the other is harmed
What is parasite?
One obtains no threats by living with another organism
What is a host?
Provides nutrient unintentually
What is soil made up of?
Litter : decomposed plants
Top soil: small rocks and plant and animal matter
Sub soil: stones
Bedrock : solid rock
What is surface water?
Rain water that collects on the ground
What is ground water?
Water in soil it rocks
What is leaching?
Dissolve minerals as it seeps downward
What is biotic potential?
That max number of offspring a species can could produce if resources are unlimited
What is carrying capacity?
The max amount of species that an ecosystem can support indefinitely
What are limits of tolerance?
The ability of an organism to withstand abiotic factors in its environment
What are the 5 biomes?
Tundra Boreal forest Decidous forest Grassland Mountain forest
