Unit 4: Disasters and Emergency Flashcards
What are two trauma related disorders?
Acute stress disorder and PTSD
For acute stress disorder to be diagnosed, the person must have symptoms of?
Dissociation
What is the difference between ASD and PTSD?
ASD will resolve on its own in 2-3 days, whereas PTSD lasts much longer
What to assess for in the biological domain?
Coping, physiological responses, medications, and substance use
Interventions used in the biologic domain?
Establishing routine, health teaching and physical activity
What to assess in the psychological domain?
MSE and the patients perception of the event
Interventions used in the psychological domain?
Therapy and lifestyle changes
What to assess for in the social domain?
Social support systems
Interventions for the social domain?
Family education and supporting an increase in social functioning where appropriate
Assessment of the spiritual domain
- ask how their beliefs have been affected
- ask if they seek out prayer or rituals
Interventions used within the spiritual domain
be cautious about providing answers in a spiritual context and allow the individual to express their feelings
Nurses’ role in disasters?
planning, mitigation, response and recovery
If a group has difficulty securing resources before a disaster then…
this will be amplified when a disaster occurs
Is a crisis acute or chronic?
acute
is a crisis time-limited or unlimited?
time-limited
what are the 2 necessary conditions for a crisis?
- the individuals perception of the event as the cause of considerable upset
- the individuals inability to resolve the disruption by previously used coping mechanisms
Maturational/Developmental crisis
a critical period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential
When would a developmental crisis occur?
when someone moves into a new developmental stage but is unable to meet the requirements of the new stage
Situational Crisis
arises from events that are extraordinary, external rather than internal, and unanticipated
Divorce, death in a family and financial crises are all examples of?
Situational Crises
Adventitious disasters
a natural or national disaster
War, fires, floods, riots and earthquakes are all examples of?
Adventitious crises
what are the 3 balancing factors of a crisis?
perception of the event, available situational support and coping mechanisms.
What are the 5 steps of nursing care during a crisis?
- Early intervention
- Stabilization
- Facilitating understanding
- Focusing on problem solving
- Encouraging self-reliance
In Robertsons 7 stage model of crisis intervention, when does crisis resolution happen?
after developing and formulating an action plan and before follow-up plan and agreement
what is the 1st stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
Plan and conduct crisis assessment (including lethality measures)
what is the 2nd stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
establish rapport and rapidly establish relationship
what is the 3rd stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
identify major problems (including the “last straw” or crisis precipitants)
what is the 4th stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
dealing with feelings and emotions (including active listening and validation)
what is the 5th stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
Generate and explore alternatives
what is the 6th stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
developing and formulating an action plan
what is the 7th stage in Robertsons model of crisis intervention?
follow-up plan and agreement
Level 1 classification
resuscitation
Cardiac arrest, unconsciousness, imminent suicide risk (active thoughts with plan and intent), and uncontrolled, aggressive/agitated behaviour are all examples of?
Level 1
Level II classification
emergency
Potential threat to life or limb, strokes, altered mental state, unsure about safety risk, SI with intent, acute psychosis, and severe anxiety with clear physical signs are ll examples of?
Level II
Level III classification
Urgency
potential to progress to a serious problem, asthma, GI bleed, vaginal bleeding controlled bizarre behaviour, moderate anxiety, and SI with no plan are all examples of?
Level III
Level IV classification
Less urgency
Related to age, distress or potential for deterioration, headaches, harmless bizarre behaviour, depression with no SI, and Hallucinations/delusions with mild agitation are all examples of?
Level IV
Vomiting alone, diarrhea, chronic hallucinations, and mild anxiety and medication requests are all examples of?
Level V
Level V classification
Non-urgent
what is a form 23
an apprehension warrant
Agranulocytosis
reduction in circulating granulocytes, can be caused by clozapine
Anticholinergic crisis
OD of antimuscarinic drugs such as atropine, and scopolamine
Anticholinergic crisis can occur when taking which type of antidepressants?
TCAs
what are the signs of Anticholinergic crisis
confusion, ataxia, recent memory loss, paranoia, dilated pupils and hallucinations
What causes NMS?
antipsychotics (Conventional)
What are the symptoms of NMS?
fever, decrease in consciousness, increased muscle tone, labile hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis and drooling
what are the symptoms of serotonin syndrome?
Mental status changes, sweating, diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, tachycardia, increased BP, altered mental state, irritability, hostility, and mood changes.
what is the goal of crisis intervention?
to return the person to their pre-crisis level of functioning
