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ap gov > unit 4: congress > Flashcards

unit 4: congress Flashcards

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1
Q

senator requirements

A

-6 year term
-must be a citizen for 9 years
-at least 30 years old

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2
Q

house representative requirements

A

-2 year terms
-must be a citizen for 7 years
-at least 25 years

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3
Q

the senate (details)

A

-equal representation -> 2 senators per state
-are less in touch with people’s needs because there’s 2 per state
-are more constitutionally responsible and deal with larger issues
-follow the trustee model

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4
Q

the house of representatives (details)

A

-represented by population -> census every 10 years for apportionment
-max 435 seats
-have to be more responsive to people’s needs in order to get re-elected
-follow the delegate model
-less likely to form bipartisan coalitions

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5
Q

debate in both houses

A

-limited in the house of representatives
-unlimited in the senate

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6
Q

enumerated powers of congress(examples)

A

-pass a federal budget
-can raise revenue (taxes and tariffs)
-coin money
-declare war (only powerthat existed under AOC as well)
-raise and maintain armed forces

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7
Q

implied powers of congress

A

necessary and proper clause states that congress can create any laws “necessary and proper”

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8
Q

house leadership

A

-speaker of the house
-majority/minority leaders
-majority/minority party whip

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9
Q

speaker of the house

A

-voted by the members of the house
-chooses who can/can’t speak during debate
-assigns committees

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10
Q

majority/minority party leader (house)

A

-directs debates
-guides the members in policy making issues

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11
Q

majority/minority party whip

A

-renders party discipline
-makes sure party members remain in line with party goals

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12
Q

senate leadership

A

-president of the senate
-president pro tempore
-majority/minority party leaders
-party whips

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13
Q

president of the senate

A

-VPOTUS
-non-voting member of the senate and only votes to break a tie

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14
Q

president pro tempore

A

-voted by the senate
-leads the senate in the absence of the VPOTUS

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15
Q

majority/minority party leaders (senate)

A

-majority leaders hold A LOT of power because they set the legislative agenda and control calendar assignments of bills

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16
Q

committees

A

small groups of legislators who debate and draft precise legislation

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17
Q

4 types of committees

A

-standing committees
-joint committees
-select committees
-conference committees

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18
Q

standing committees

A

-is always there because they deal with issues that are always present
-ex: appropriations committee in the senate decide where federal money is spent
-ex: ways and means committee in the house works on taxation bills

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19
Q

joint committees

A

-involves members of both the house and senate
-ex: joint comm on the library deals with the library of congress
-ex: joint comm on printing deals with publishing arm of the federal gov

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20
Q

select committees

A

-temporary committees made for a specific purpose
-ex: missouri compromise line was determined by a select committee that was disbanded after a decision was made

21
Q

conference committees

A

this committee is formed if both houses can’t agree on an identical version of a bill

22
Q

house rules committee

A

-decides which bills go to house debate
-decides when votes take place and assigns bills to various committees for debate and revision
-if a bill cannot pass through the house committee than it’s going to die

23
Q

committee of the whole

A

-procedural move that relaxes some rules of debate so that amendments to bills can be debated quicker
-for example only 100 members have to be present for this

24
Q

discharge petition

A

if a bill is stuck in committee then the house can hold a simple majority vote which brings to the floor for voting on the bill

25
Q

filibuster

A

an attempt to delay or kill a bill by talking for an extended period of time

26
Q

cloture

A

allows the house to end a filibuster and this calls for a 3/5 vote to pass or 60 senators

27
Q

unanimous consent

A

a call for agreement for senators to restrict certain privileges for the sake of efficiency in debate
-for example prohibiting filibusters until further notice

28
Q

how bill becomes a law

A
  1. bill is sponsored in either the house or senate
  2. once bill is assigned to a committee, further debate and changes will occur
  3. then bill goes to the floor for a vote
  4. if bill passes in both house and senate it goes to the president for signing
29
Q

logrolling

A

agreement between legislators “if you vote for my bill, i’ll vote for yours”

30
Q

non-germane riders

A

provisions added to bill that’s irrelevant but benefits a congress persons district/state

31
Q

pork-barrel spending

A

the use of government funds for projects designed to please voters or legislators and win votes

32
Q

federal budget consists of

A
  1. mandatory spending
  2. discretionary spending
33
Q

mandatory spending

A

money that congress must allocate by law
-ex: medicare and medicaid

34
Q

discretionary spending

A

money left over that committees heavily debate on it’s spending purposes

35
Q

deficit spending

A

when congress spends money it doesn’t have and so that money then comes out of taxes

36
Q

trustee model

A

congressperson makes decisions for the people based on what the trustee feels is best
-ex: senate

37
Q

delegate model

A

congressperson mirrors what the people want in their decision making
-ex: house of reps

38
Q

politico model

A

mix of both trustee and delegate models

39
Q

house role in impeachment

A

-the house initiates impeachment by bringing charges against the president through “Articles of impeachment”
-simple majority is needed to support impeachment and begin trial
-2/3 majority is needed to convict

40
Q

senate role in impeachment

A

-senate serves as high court of impeachment for impeaching officials but when it’s the president, the chief justice of USA serves
-2/3 vote needed to convict and if this passes then removal from office will occur

41
Q

advice and consent

A

-power of the senate to approve treaties and when the president appoints people to public positions such as cabinet secretaries and federal judges
-2/3 majority is needed to pass treaties
-simple majority is needed to confirm appointments

42
Q

congressional behavior theories

A

-representational
-organizational
-attitudinal

43
Q

representational theory

A

members of congress want to get reelected and therefore must please constituents

44
Q

organizational theory

A

important to please fellow members of congress because their goodwill is needed to gain status and power in congress

45
Q

attitudinal theory

A

multiple outside forces influence congress members and they vote for their own beliefs

46
Q

conservative coalition

A

conservative democrats from the south who would side with republicans and therefore overpower northern democrats

47
Q

polarized congress

A

-has become more polarized bc congress is increasing ideological
-split tickets bring new members and then that means new ideological perspectives
-this pisses off average voters and causes them to notice disagreement more

48
Q

congress (congress vs parliament)

A

-candidacy is awarded by winning a primary
-voters vote by choosing candidate
-has to appeal to the public not their party so they can vote however they so choose to
-great benefits such as 174K salary and franking privileges

49
Q

parliament (congress vs parliament)

A

-candidacy is given through lobbying local party committees
-voters vote by choosing a party
-candidates have to vote with their party because if they don’t they risk not being nominated again
-don’t receive high pay and do not have offices

ap gov (9 decks)

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