Unit 4-Cold War

Question 1

Red menace

Answer 1

Communism or the soviets

Question 2

Theory of containment

Answer 2

Containment is a military strategy to stop expansion of an enemy, ie. Preventing the spread of communism

Question 3

Iron curtain

Answer 3

An imaginary boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas

Question 4

Gouzenko Affair

Answer 4

In 1945 a Russian had papers that proved there was a soviet ring in Canada, no one believed him until soviet spies broke into his apartment

Question 5

NATO

Answer 5

North Atlantic Treaty Organization. An alliance between Canada, UK, US, and west European countries. Collective security

Question 6

Warsaw Pact

Answer 6

An alliance between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries in 1955

Question 7

Avro arrow

Answer 7

A supersonic jet aircraft. In 1959 the project was cancelled by diefenbaker because it was too expensive.

Question 8

NORAD

Answer 8

North America air defence agreement. In 1957 it was agreed upon. It would include fighter forces, missile bases, and air-defence radar.

Question 9

Korean War

Answer 9

Korea was divided into two, north was communist and south was democratic. North Korea was baked by Soviet Union. South Korea was backed by the US. 1950 north attacked south. Pearson urged all sides to a ceasefire which was reached in 1953. Canada sent troops.

Question 10

Vietnam War

Answer 10

Vietnam was in two sides, north was communist, south was a dictatorship and supported by US. US sent troops in 1960, Pearson critizized the bombings and US involvement.

Question 11

DEW line

Answer 11

Distant early warning

Question 12

Berlin Wall

Answer 12

Was built by east Germany around West Berlin to keep west Germany out

Question 13

Middle power

Answer 13

Trudeau’s government aimed for Canada to bridge gaps between the North and South and the East and West.

Question 14

UN

Answer 14

In 1945, based on collective security.

Question 15

Security council

Answer 15

5 main members: China, Soviet Union, France, Britain, US. Each of these have veto power

Question 16

Suez Canal

Answer 16

In 1956 egypt’s president Nasser took over the canal. Egypt threatened Israel, and France and Britain attacked Egypt. Soviet allied with Egypt. Pearson suggested UN emergency force be sent to meditate.

Question 17

Peacekeeping

Answer 17

Suggested by Lester Pearson

Question 18

Somalia

Answer 18

‘Operation restore hope’. Ended badly with Canadian forces arresting a teenager and beating him to death.

Question 19

Rwanda

Answer 19

Was torn apart by ethnic rivalries between France and Belgium. UN peacekeepers were sent to control the slaughter. US wouldn’t help out and many people died.

Question 20

Teenager

Answer 20

Baby boomers spent more time in school so they invented the teenager. Rock n’ roll was popular.

Question 21

Suburbs

Answer 21

Suburbs around the cities and were cheaper.

Question 22

CBC

Answer 22

Canadian broadcasting cooperation. Recommended a radio broadcasting to lower the influence of American broadcasting

Question 23

CTRC

Answer 23

Canadian Radio-Television and Telecomunications commission. Created to regulate the broadcasting of US content

Question 24

NFB

Answer 24

National film board

Question 25

Displaced persons

Answer 25

Millions of refugees that were in camps across Europe. Canada accepted almost 200,000. They preferred cities to suburbs

Question 26

Baby boom

Answer 26

The increase in the birth rate in the post-war until 1960 was when Canads’s birth rate was the highest in the industrial world.

Question 27

John diefenbaker

Answer 27

Diefenbaker had agreed to buy the BOMARC missile but it was undecided if Canada would accept the US nuclear weapon. He refused them.

Question 28

Lester B Pearson

Answer 28

Came up with UN peacekeeping, allowed war heads on Canadian soil.

Question 29

Pierre Trudeau (Papa Trudeau)

Answer 29

Trudeau was pretty chill. He believed in “just society”. He brought the constitution home to Canada in 1982 and made an amending formula and the charter of rights and freedoms. Trade and aid to other countries and CIDA.

Question 30

Jean Chrétien

Answer 30

Organized “team Canada” and increased Canada’s trading opportunities. Canada joined APEC.

Question 31

Tommy Douglas

Answer 31

Introduced Medicare, became leader of NDP.

Question 32

Essay Question: how did Canada become more independent in the years 1945-1982?

Answer 32

• diefenbaker refused to place Canada’s NORAD forces on alert. Didn’t allow US planes with atomic weapons to land at Canadian bases.
• pearson’s UN peacekeeping.
• Trudeau’s trade and aid
• Trudeau removing nuclear weapons from Canadian soil.
• Trudeau patriating the constitution in 1982. He included a charter of rights and freedoms. Came up with an amending formula.