Unit 4 Chemistry: Periodic Trends

Question 1

Where are metals located on the Periodic Table?

Answer 1

Left side

Question 2

Where are the nonmetals located on the Periodic Table?

Answer 2

Right side

Question 3

What are some properties of metals?

Answer 3

Malleable, Ductile, Lustrous, good conductors

Question 4

What are some properties of nonmetals?

Answer 4

Non-lustrous, brittle, poor conductors

Question 5

Who first came up with the periodic table?

Answer 5

Mendeleev

Question 6

How did Mendeleev organize the elements?

Answer 6

Increasing atomic mass

Question 7

Who’s organization of the elements on the periodic table do we use today?

Answer 7

Moseley

Question 8

How did Moseley organize the elements?

Answer 8

Increasing atomic number

Question 9

What does the periodic law state?

Answer 9

When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties.

Question 10

What is a period?

Answer 10

Horizontal rows across the periodic table.

Question 11

What is a group?

Answer 11

Vertical columns down the periodic table.

Question 12

What do elements in the same group have?

Answer 12

Similar properties

Question 13

What are groups numbered?

Answer 13

1-18

Question 14

What do elements in the same period have and not have?

Answer 14

They don’t have similar properties, but they have the same number of occupied energy levels.

Question 15

What are periods numbered?

Answer 15

1-7

Question 16

What are the s and p blocks called?

Answer 16

Representative elements

Question 17

What is the d block called?

Answer 17

Transition metals

Question 18

What is the f block called?

Answer 18

Inner transtition metals

Question 19

What are metalloids?

Answer 19

Elements that touch the staircase and have properties of both metals and non metals.

Question 20

What are elements in group 1 called?

Answer 20

Alkali Metals

Question 21

What are elements in group 2 called?

Answer 21

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 22

What are elements in group 17 called?

Answer 22

Halogens

Question 23

What are elements in group 18 called?

Answer 23

Noble Gases

Question 24

What is the atomic radius?

Answer 24

1/2 of the distance between the Nuclei of two like atoms.

Question 25

What is the group trend for atomic size?

Answer 25

The atomic size will increase due to a greater number of occupied energy levels.

Question 26

What is the period trend for Atomic size?

Answer 26

The Atomic size decreases from left to right due to a greater number of protons (increased nuclear charge)

Question 27

What is the shielding effect?

Answer 27

The period trend is less pronounced for periods further down the P.T

Question 28

What is ionization energy?

Answer 28

The amount of energy required to move an electron from a gaseous atom.

Question 29

What does the ionization energy depend on?

Answer 29

1. Distance between electron and nucleus 2. Nuclear Charge (# of protons)

Question 30

What is the group trend for I.E?

Answer 30

I.E decreases as you go down a group due to a greater # of energy levels.

Question 31

What is the period trend for I.E?

Answer 31

I.E increases as you move across a period due to an increased nuclear charge.

Question 32

When is there a very large increase in I.E?

Answer 32

When an electron is removed from an atom/ion that is isoelectronic with a noble gas.

Question 33

Cations are always ______ than the neutral atom from which they are made.

Answer 33

Smaller

Question 34

The more electrons lost in cations, _____

Answer 34

The smaller an ion becomes

Question 35

Anions are always _____ than the neutral atom from which they are made.

Answer 35

Larger

Question 36

The more electrons gained in an Anion _____

Answer 36

The bigger the ion becomes

Question 37

More electrons than protons result in ______

Answer 37

Less attractive force

Question 38

What is electronegativity?

Answer 38

The tendency for an element to attract electrons when chemically combined with another element.

Question 39

What element has the highest E.N?

Answer 39

Fluorine (4.0)

Question 40

What is the group trend for E.N?

Answer 40

E.N decreases as you go down a group because the electrons are less attracted to the nucleus (more energy levels).

Question 41

What is the period trend for E.N?

Answer 41

E.N increases as you go across a period because electrons are more attracted to the nucleus due to increased nuclear charge.

Question 42

Which atom has a larger atomic size, Nitrogen or Arsenic?

Answer 42

Arsenic

Question 43

Which atom has a smaller atomic size, Vanadium or Manganese?

Answer 43

Manganese

Question 44

Which atom has a larger first ionization energy, phosphorus or sulfur?

Answer 44

Sulfur

Question 45

Which atom/ion is larger, Mg+2 or Mg?

Answer 45

Mg

Question 46

Which atom has the larger electronegativity, Carbon or Flourine?

Answer 46

Fluorine

Question 47

Label what element the E.C corresponds to, C=2s^2 2p^6?

Answer 47

Neon

Question 48

What is the electron configuration for group 12?

Answer 48

d^10