Unit 4 - Cell Structure

Question 1

What did Hooke discover?

Answer 1

Cells
Looked at cork

Question 2

What did Leeuwenhoek discover?

Answer 2

Living cells
Protists & bacteria

Question 3

What did Schleider discover

Answer 3

All plants are made of cells

Question 4

What did Schwann discover

Answer 4

All animals are made of cells

Question 5

What did Virchow discover?

Answer 5

All cells come from preexisting cells

Question 6

What technology allowed for cells to be discovered?

Answer 6

Microscopes

Question 7

What are the 3 parts of Cell Theory?

Answer 7

1. All living things are made of cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Holds DNA
Control center of the cell

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

Fluid that fills the cell
Place where chemical reactions occur

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Make proteins

Question 11

Mitochondria

Answer 11

Converts glucose into ATP for energy
Carry out cellular respiration
Powerhouse of the cell

Question 12

Chloroplast

Answer 12

Harvests solar energy and converts into chemical energy
Creates glucose
Carry out photosynthesis

Question 13

Lysosome

Answer 13

Digest food
Acidic and full of enzymes
“lys” = “break”

Question 14

Vacuole

Answer 14

Stores water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 15

Cell membrane

Answer 15

Barrier between cell and outside world

Question 16

Cell wall

Answer 16

Holds cell together
Rigid structure

Question 17

Golgi body

Answer 17

Receives vesicles and proteins from ER
Modifies and packages proteins

Question 18

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Answer 18

Creates lipids, membranes, and vesicles

Question 19

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Answer 19

Creates proteins for export
Coated in ribosomes

Question 20

Vesicles

Answer 20

Transport things throughout the cell

Question 21

Cytoskeleton

Answer 21

Gives structure to the cell
Made of microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments

Question 22

Centrioles

Answer 22

Help cell divide

Question 23

Cilia

Answer 23

Hair-like coating that help cells move

Question 24

Flagella

Answer 24

Whip-like tail used for movement

Question 25

Nucleolus

Answer 25

Where ribosomes are made
Inside nucleus

Question 26

What cell parts are unique to animal cells?

Answer 26

Centriole

Question 27

What cell parts are unique to plant cells?

Answer 27

Cell wall
Large central vacuole
Chloroplast

Question 28

Prokaryote examples

Answer 28

Bacteria
(Eubacteria & Archaea)

Question 29

Eukaryote examples

Answer 29

Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals

Question 30

What cell structures do prokaryotes have?

Answer 30

Cell wall, ribosomes, nucleoid, circular DNA, cilia & flagella

Question 31

What cell structures do eukaryotes have?

Answer 31

All of them, nucleus, linear DNA

Question 32

What is endosymbiosis?

Answer 32

Mitochondria and chloroplast were once free-living prokaryotes that now live in eukaryotic cells.
“living inside”

Question 33

Evidence for endosymbiosis

Answer 33

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA like prokaryotes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide like prokaryotes.