UNIT 4 Care of the Preschooler

Question 1

It is the stage where the child is 3 to 6 years of age.

Answer 1

Preschooler

Question 2

The physical growth
during this period is relatively slow and psychosocial, and cognitive
development is accelerated.

Answer 2

Preschooler

Question 3

In this stage, curiosity becomes pronounced, and
the child is better able to communicate. I

Answer 3

Preschooler

Question 4

Here the guidelines in the assessment

Answer 4

1. Use the head to toe assessment if the child is cooperative if
   uncooperative proceed as with the toddler.
2. Ask the child to self-undress and wear underpants to assess motor
   activity.
3. Allow the child to handle the equipment used in the assessment.
4. Don’t forget “magical thinking.”
5. Makeup “story” about the steps of the procedure.
6. If you proceed like a game, you will gain cooperation.

Question 5

The
wide-legged gait, prominent lordosis, and protuberant abdomen of the toddler
change to slimmer, taller, and much
more childlike proportions.

Answer 5

Preschooler

Question 6

Contour
changes so definitely the future body
type—ectomorphic (thin) or
endomorphic (large)—becomes
apparent.

Answer 6

Preschooler

Question 7

Lymphatic tissue begins to increase in
size, particularly the tonsils, and
levels of IgG and IgA antibodies
increase.

Answer 7

Preschooler

Question 8

The average growth of a child is _____, and the average 4-year-old child is ____

Answer 8

The average growth of a child is 1.5-3 in/year, and the average 4-year-old child is 40.5.

Question 9

The average wt. gain is ____, the preschooler gains approximately___. (Pillitteri, 2010)

Answer 9

The average wt. gain is 5 lbs. /year, the preschooler gains approximately 2
kg/year. (Pillitteri, 2010)

Question 10

Children generally have all ___ of their deciduous teeth by three years of age.

Answer 10

20

Question 11

is essential for
survival, physical growth, mental development, performance, productivity,
health, and well-being across the entire lifespan

Answer 11

Good nutrition

Question 12

An average preschooler sleeps

Answer 12

11-13H/day,

Question 13

most preschoolers need an
afternoon nap until

Answer 13

age 5.

Question 14

Gross Motor
The preschooler can

Answer 14

hop, skip & run more smoothly Athletic abilities

Question 15

Fine motor skills are

Answer 15

fingers and hand skills such as the ability to draw,
copy a circle and a cross-build using small blocks, color within the
border, write some letters and draw a person with body parts, Buttoning
clothing, Holding a pencil, Building with small blocks, Using scissors,
Playing a board game and Have a child draw a picture of himself

Question 16

Emotional Development PRESCHOOLER

Answer 16

Examples of these are fears the dark tends to be impatient and selfish,
expressed aggression through physical and verbal behaviors, and shows signs
of jealousy among siblings.

Question 17

egocentric, less dependent on parents, have dreams and
nightmares, more cooperative in play, can tolerate short separation, and
beginning to get attached to the opposite-sex parent

Answer 17

PRESCHOOLER Social Development

Question 18

how people develop social and emotional skills
across the lifespan, with particular attention to childhood and adolescence.

Answer 18

Social Development

Question 19

is a distressing emotion caused by impending danger or pain, whether
the threat is real or imagined. T

Answer 19

Fear

Question 20

The preschooler experiences more fears and their common fears are

Answer 20

dark,
being left alone, animals, ghosts, body mutilation, castration

Question 21

“The process whereby an individual learns to adjust to a group (or society)
and behave in a manner approved by the group (or society)

Answer 21

Socialization

Question 22

essentially represents the whole process
of learning throughout the life course and is a central influence on the
behavior, beliefs, and actions of adults as well as of children.

Answer 22

socialization

Question 23

primary purpose is to foster the child’s social skills, three years old is capable
of sharing, four years old enjoys playgroup, and five years old develop “best”
friendships

Answer 23

preschool program

Question 24

Maladjustment in the expression of emotion can be considered as behavior
problems. Examples of there are Telling tall tales, Imaginary friend – help
release anxiety, Sibling rivalry and also Masturbation during boredom

Answer 24

Behavior Problems

Question 25

is a form of a defense mechanism used to deal with the stressor
manifested by unconsciously going back to the early stage of development.

Answer 25

Regression

Question 26

Example of Regression

Answer 26

Bedwetting, Babytalk, Thumb sucking, Fetal position

Question 27

Authority figures must apply discipline fairly, firmly &
consistently. A simple explanation of why specific actions are inappropriate. A
situation involving conflict, a short timeout can help the child relieve intense
feelings, regain control, & think about his behavior. (

Answer 27

Discipline - preschool

Question 28

is an integral part of child development because it allows the child to
become creative, independent, and aware of the surroundings.

Answer 28

Play

Question 29

FINE MOTOR PLAY PRESCHOOL

Answer 29

1. Puzzles
2. Large blocks
3. crayons
4. paint simple crafts

Question 30

GROSS MOTOR PLAY PRESCHOOL

Answer 30

1. Big wheels
2. Gym sets
3. Sandboxes

Question 31

IMITATIVE PLAY PRESCHOOL

Answer 31

. Dess up clothes
2. Dolls
3. Housekeeping toys

Question 32

is common among preschoolers when hospitalized; the
first task as a health provider is to establish trust

Answer 32

Separation anxiety

Question 33

can be beneficial when demonstrating procedures

Answer 33

The use of toys, such as
puppets and dolls

Question 34

Parents reinforce via giving
children freedom to play, use imagination,
and ask questions- Creative, Constructive.

Answer 34

Initiative

Question 35

May occur if parents criticize, prevent play, or discourage a child’s
questions- Always being wrong, Failed to explore world

Answer 35

Guilt

Question 36

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) PsychosocialCrisis

Answer 36

Initiative vs. Guilt

Question 37

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) Relationships

Answer 37

family

Question 38

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) Issues:

Answer 38

exploration and discovery,
adventure and play

Question 39

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) Basic Virtue:

Answer 39

Purpose and Direction

Question 40

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) Maladaptation

Answer 40

Ruthlessness

Question 41

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erik Erikson) Malignancy

Answer 41

Inhibition

Question 42

Red flags: preschool

Answer 42

Inability to perform self-care tasks, hand washing simple dressing, daytime
toileting
Lack of socialization
Unable to play with other children
Unable to follow directions during exam

Question 43

Psychosexual Developmental Theory (Sigmund Freud)
Erogenous Zone:

Answer 43

Genitals

Question 44

In this stage, the primary focus of the
libido is on the genitals. Children begin to
discover the differences between males
and females.

Answer 44

Psychosexual Developmental Theory (Sigmund Freud)

Question 45

Forms concepts that are less complete & logical than adult makes simple
classifications, associates one event with a simultaneous one, and exhibits
egocentric thinking.

Answer 45

Pre conceptual (2-4 years old)

Question 46

During this phase, a child can classify, quantify & relating objects but remains
unaware of the principles behind these operations. (

Answer 46

Intuitive Phase

Question 47

unavailable to view another’s viewpoint

Answer 47

Egocentric

Question 48

– in every action there is opposite reaction cause and
effect

Answer 48

REVERSIBILITY

Question 49

consider inanimate object is alive

Answer 49

ANIMISM