Unit 4: Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles Flashcards
Explain the roles of decomposers and nitrifying bacteria in the Nitrogen Cycle:
- Decomposers convert nitrogen in organic compounds (e.g. UREA) into ammonium
- Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium to nitrite and then to nitrate
Describe part played by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Nitrogen cycle:
- convert nitrogen gas into ammonium compounds
- ADD + available Nitrogen to an ECOSYSTEM
Describe role played by DENITRIFYING bacteria
- nitrate 👉 NITROGEN
- anaerobic
- uses nitrate for RESPIRATION 👃
what do NITROGEN FIXING bacteria do?
converts
nitrogen in air 🌃 into AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
what does NITRIFYING bacteria do?
Ammonium Compounds ↙️
Nitrites
↙️
Nitrates
TWO farming 🌿🍂🍃 practices resulting in ADDITION of nitrogen-containing compounds to a field?
spread MANURE 💩
decomposes to release nitrates
growing legumes
nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules
One farming 🍃🍂🌿 practice that ⬇️ nitrogen-containing compounds?
uptake of nitrates by CROP
HARVESTING CROP! 💐
Explain role of BACTERIA in making CARBON in dead plants available to living plants
- Decomposers
- release enZymes and DIGEST DETRITUS?
- respire and CO2 released
- used by plants in PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Explain part played by Rhizobium bacteria:
- found in ROOT nodules
- mutalistic relationship: nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates
- Nitrogen ➡️ AMMONIUM
- HELPS PRODUCE PROTEIN❗️❗️
Explain how a high NITRATE conc. increases the growth of algae:
- more proteins
- more DNA
- INCREASED cell division ⭕️⭕️
How does CROP ROTATION lead to HIGH CROP YIELDS? (2 MARKS)
- Different crops use different
minerals/nutrients from the soil - Different crops have different
pests/diseases
Nitrification uses up…?
OXYGEN!!!
Why do purification ponds only work efficiently when they are shallow and warm?
- warm leads to faster enzyme activity
- faster bacterial respiration
- faster photosynthesis
- increased growth of bacteria/algae
