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Health > Unit 4- Alcohol, Tobacco, & Other Drugs > Flashcards

Unit 4- Alcohol, Tobacco, & Other Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the number one cause of preventable disease and death in the United States.

A

Tobacco Use (Smoking)

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2
Q

Define Addictive Drug

A

A substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence.

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3
Q

Define Nicotine

A

The addictive drug found in tobacco leaves.

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4
Q

Define Stimulant

A

A drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs. CHO

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5
Q

What are the side effects of Nicotine?

A

Raised blood pressure, increased heart rate, and contribution to heart disease and stroke.

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6
Q

Define Carcinogen

A

A cancer-causing substance.

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7
Q

Define Tar

A

A thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns.

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8
Q

Define Carbon Monoxide

A

A colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas that is taken up more readily by the blood than oxygen. COP

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9
Q

Define Smokeless Tobacco

A

A tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed.

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10
Q

Define Leukoplakia

A

Thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer. TWL

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11
Q

List the short-term effects of Tobacco use

A

Changes in Brain Chemistry- Increased Respiration and Heart Rate- Dulled Taste Buds and Reduced Appetite- Bad Breath and Smelly Hair, Clothes, and Skin BHAS (Brain-Heart-Appetite-Smell)

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12
Q

What are the long-term effects of Tobacco use?

A

Chronic Bronchitis- Emphysema- Lung Cancer- Coronary Heart Disease & Stroke. CELC

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13
Q

Define Nicotine Withdrawal

A

The process that occurs in the body when nicotine, an addictive drug, is no longer used.

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14
Q

What are some of the symptoms of Nicotine Withdrawal?

A

Irritability, Difficulty Concentrating, Anxiety, Sleep Disturbance, or cravings for tobacco. ICASC

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15
Q

Define Nicotine Substitute

A

A product that delivers small amounts of nicotine into the user’s system while he or she is trying to give up the tobacco habit.

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16
Q

Define Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)

A

Air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke.

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17
Q

What is ETS composed of?

A

Mainstream Smoke/ Sidestream Smoke

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18
Q

Define Mainstream Smoke

A

The smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker.

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19
Q

Define Sidestream Smoke

A

The smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar.

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20
Q

Is mainstream smoke more dangerous or sidestream smoke?

A

Sidestream smoke

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21
Q

Define Ethanol

A

The type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages.

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22
Q

Define Fermentation

A

The chemical action of yeast on sugars.

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23
Q

Define Depressant

A

A drug that slows the central nervous system.

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24
Q

Define Intoxication

A

The state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance and the person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced.

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25
Q

Define Alcohol Abuse

A

The excessive use of alcohol.

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26
Q

Define Metabolism

A

The process by which the body breaks down substances.

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27
Q

Define Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

A

The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage.

28
Q

Define Binge Drinking

A

Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting.

29
Q

Define Alcohol Poisoning

A

A severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose.

30
Q

Define Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A

A group of alcohol-related birth defects that include physical and mental problems.

31
Q

Define Alcoholism

A

A disease in which a person has a physical or psychological dependence on drinks that contain alcohol.

32
Q

Define Alcoholic

A

An addict who is dependent on alcohol.

33
Q

Define Recovery

A

The process of learning to live an alcohol-free life.

34
Q

Define Sobriety

A

Living without alcohol.

35
Q

Define Medicines

A

Drugs that are used to treat or prevent disease or other conditions.

36
Q

Define Drug

A

Substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind.

37
Q

Define Vaccine

A

A preparation introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response.

38
Q

Define Analgesics

A

Pain Relievers

39
Q

Define Side Effects

A

Reactions to medicine other than the one intended.

40
Q

Define Additive Interaction

A

Occurs when medicines work together in a positive way.

41
Q

Define Synergistic Effect

A

An interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the medicines are taken alone.

42
Q

Define Antagonistic Interaction

A

Occurs when the effect of one medicine is cancelled or reduced when taken with another medicine.

43
Q

Define Substance Abuse

A

Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes.

44
Q

Define Illegal Drugs

A

Chemical substances that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell.

45
Q

Define Illicit Drug Use

A

The use or sale of any substance that is illegal or otherwise not permitted.

46
Q

Define Overdose

A

A strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug.

47
Q

Define Psychological Dependence

A

A condition in which a person believes that a drug is needed in order to feel good or to function normally.

48
Q

Define Physiological Dependence

A

A condition in which the user has a chemical need for the drug.

49
Q

Define Addiction

A

A physiological or psychological dependence on a drug.

50
Q

Define Marijuana

A

A plant whose leaves, buds, and flowers are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects.

51
Q

Define Paranoia

A

An irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others.

52
Q

Define Inhalants

A

Substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect.

53
Q

Define Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

A

Synthetic substances that are similar to the male sex hormone testosterone.

54
Q

_____ refers to muscle building and _____ refers to _____ increased male characteristics.

A

Anabolic-Androgenic

55
Q

Define Psychoactive Drugs

A

Chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain.

56
Q

What are the psychoactive drugs?

A

Stimulants-Depressants- Narcotics-Hallucinogens SDNH

57
Q

Define Stimulants

A

Drugs that speed up the central nervous system.

58
Q

Define Euphoria

A

A feeling of intense well-being and elation.

59
Q

Define Depressants

A

Drugs that tend to slow down the central nervous system.

60
Q

Define Narcotics

A

Specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain.

61
Q

Define Hallucinogens

A

Drugs that alter mood, smell, thoughts, and sense perceptions including vision, hearing, smell, and touch.

62
Q

Define Designer Drugs

A

Synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of hallucinogens and other dangerous drugs.

63
Q

Define Drug-Free School Zones

A

Areas within 1000 feet of schools and designated by signs, within which people caught selling drugs receive especially severe penalties.

64
Q

Define Drug Watches

A

Organized community efforts by neighborhood residents to patrol, monitor, report, and otherwise try to stop drug deals and drug abuse.

65
Q

What are the stages of chemical dependency?

A

Trial-Recreational Use- Abuse- Pinned Down/Addicted TRAP

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