Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Criminology > Unit 4: AC3.1: Explain the role of agencies in social control > Flashcards

Unit 4: AC3.1: Explain the role of agencies in social control Flashcards

1
Q

What is an additional aim/objective of the police?

A

Arrest/detain suspects, but have np responsibility for punishing criminals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the main aim/objective of the police?

A

Keeping the peace, protecting life and property, preventing and investigating crime, collection of evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who funds the police?

A

The Home office through tax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In 2021/22, what did public spending on the police rise to?

A

£24.9 billion, highest amount spent since recording began

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The overall funding of the police for year ending 2023 will increase by what percentage in real terms?

A

2.8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In terms of police philosophy, what are their standards of professional behaviour?

A

Acting with honesty and integrity, demonstrating authority, respect, and courtesy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In terms of philosophy, what standards do the police adhere to?

A

Use of force, fitness to work, and confidentiality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many regional police forces are there in England and Wales?

A

39

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

These police forces are in both local and national reach with who?

A

Community officers and those working within stations and cities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who are the police responsible for dealing with?

A

All types of offenders and criminality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

However, there are specialist roles within the police. What type of officer would deal with an offence on the motorway?

A

A Traffic Police Officer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two examples of different policing styles, techniques, and approaches?

A

Zero tolerance, Situational Crime prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the CPS set up under?

A

The Prosecution of Offences Act 1985

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the CPS decide on?

A

Decides whether to prosecute, on charges, prepares and presents cases for court

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What else does the CPS do interns of victims and witnesses?

A

Informs and supports them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the funding of the CPS come from?

A

The central government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How much is the CPS approximately worth per year?

A

£500 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are funding from recovering costs?

A

When costs are awarded by courts, the CPS recovers some of the costs of it’s prosecutions from defendants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In 2019, what did Boris Johnson MP say?

A

“We have been investing in the CPS- over £85 million”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the philosophy of the CPS include?

A

independence and fairness, honesty and openness, and treating everyone with respect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are more factors included in the philosophy of the CPS?

A

Equality and inclusion, as well as behaving professionally and striving for excellence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The CPS will deal with a large variety of criminal acts and offenders, what types of crimes do they deal with?

A

Usually more serious crimes/criminals (police w/ minor crime)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The CPS is a national body with how many regional teams?

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who is each region headed by?

A

A Chief Crown prosecutor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the name of the head of the entire CPS?

A

The Director of Public Prosecutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Who is the current Director of Public Prosecutions?

A

Stephen Parkinson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What test does the CPS use?

A

The Full Code Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What does the Full Code Test consist of?

A

The Evidential test and the Public Interest Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the main aim/objective of the judiciary?

A

Interpret and apply law, manage the trial, and explain legal issues to juries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What additional aim/objectives are there of the judiciary?

A

Also sum up the evidence, pass sentences, make rulings on appeals, as well as setting/following precedent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How is judges pay decided?

A

By an independent panel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the name of the independent panel that decides judges’ pay?

A

“Senior Salaries Review Body”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How much do District judges earn?

A

About £110,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How much do Lord Chief Justice earn?

A

£257,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How is the judiciary funded?

A

From government (taxation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

In terms of judiciary philosophy, what is the principle of judicial independence from?

A

Independent from the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

In terms of judicial philosophy, what is the principle of impartiality?

A

Not favour either side

37
Q

Interns of judicial philosophy, what is the principle of integrity?

A

Honest and moral

38
Q

What are the two oaths judges make?

A

-Oath of Allegiance (loyalty to the king)
-Judicial Oath (treat people equally under the law)

39
Q

What is security of tenure?

A

They cannot be removed from their position except by a partition to the monarch by both Houses of Parliament

40
Q

What is judges’ salary guaranteed in?

A

Hierarchy

41
Q

What is the Supreme Court at the top with?

A

‘Superior judges’

42
Q

What is the Crown Court at the bottom with?

A

‘Inferior judges’

43
Q

Judges deal with all types of offences and offenders, except for what?

A

The least serious which are dealt with by magistrates/cautions/penalty notices

44
Q

What reach does the Supreme Court have?

A

National

45
Q

What reach does the Crown Court have?

A

Local

46
Q

What are the 4 aims/objectives of prisons?

A

-Public protection
-Rehabilitation
-Deterrence
-To implement the sentences from the court

47
Q

What are prisons paid for from?

A

Taxation

48
Q

In 2020/21, what was the prison budget?

A

£5.6 billion

49
Q

In 2020/21 the budget was how much more than 10 years prior?

A

£600 million

50
Q

In 2019/20, what was the average cost of a prison place in England and Wales

A

£44,600 a year

51
Q

In police philosophy, how do prisons believe they can prevent victims?

A

By changing lives of offenders

52
Q

What is another aspect of prison philosophy?

A

Retribution

53
Q

How many prisons are there in England and Wales?

A

123

54
Q

How many prisons are ‘public’ prisons run by HMPPS

A

109

55
Q

What is an example of a ‘public’ prison run by HMPPS?

A

Lewes Prisons

56
Q

Who are the other 14 (‘private’ prisons) run by?

A

Private companies

57
Q

What is the name of one of these private companies that run private prisons?

A

G4S- run Birmingham Prison

58
Q

There are prisons all over the UK, but like the police and CPS, what are they split up into?

A

Different regions

59
Q

What does the prison service categories criminals based on?

A

The severity of their offence, the danger they pose, and how trusting they are (A-D)

60
Q

As an aim/objective of probation, who do they supervise?

A

High risk offenders & Offenders who spend their sentence in the community rather than prison

61
Q

Who does probation support?

A

Victims of serious sexual and violent crimes

62
Q

How does probation protect the public?

A

Through the rehabilitation of offenders

63
Q

Where does the probation’s share of the £4.6 billion budget for HMPPS services come from?

A

General taxation

64
Q

Who are trusts funded by?

A

HMPPS

65
Q

HMPPS employ all staff except who?

A

The Chief Officer

66
Q

How much extra funding has been pumped into the probation service since July 2019?

A

More than £300 million worth

67
Q

Community Rehabilitation Companies are paid for?

A

Reaching government set targets

68
Q

In terms of the philosophy of probation, what do they believe?

A

Offenders can change for the better and become responsible members of the community

69
Q

What is another belief of the probation service?

A

The worth and dignity of the individual

70
Q

What is the probation service committed to?

A

Social justice, social inclusion, equality and diversity

71
Q

What do the 35 trusts in the probation service provide?

A

Services for high risk and medium risk offenders

72
Q

What are Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs)

A

Private companies that have a contract with the MoJ to provide probation services for low and medium risk offenders

73
Q

What do CRCs do?

A

Write pre-sentence reports, manage premisses, ensure community sentences are completed and work on behalf of victims

74
Q

Who do CRCs supervise?

A

Those serving sentences in the community rather than in prison

75
Q

What are some examples of individuals serving sentences in the community?

A

Community orders such as community payback, curfews, and drug rehabilitation programmes

76
Q

What is the aim/objective of the Prison Reform Trust?

A

To reduce imprisonment and improve conditions for prisoners and their families

77
Q

What is the aim/objective of Women in prison?

A

Help women in the CJS, end harm caused to women, their families and our communities by imprisonment

78
Q

Both charities do not receive money directly from the government, but what do they enjoy?

A

Some tax advantages from the government

79
Q

In 2021, how much did the Prison Reform Trust raise from grants, donations, legacies, and charitable activities?

A

£1.5 million

80
Q

In 2019, how much did Women In Prison raise through donations and charitable activities?

A

£2.1 million

81
Q

The philosophy of the Prison Reform Trust are similar to what?

A

The aims - reduced use of prisons, people in prison entitled to certain rights

82
Q

Women in Prison value social justice and feminism, what does this mean?

A

Achieving equality for women and girls in the CJS

83
Q

Women in Prison value independence and trust, who is this from?

A

Women who they depend on

84
Q

Women in Prison value dedication to changing lives and the world, what does this mean?

A

Utilising the strength of women

85
Q

The Prison reform Trust campaign to improve the penal system, what is an example of one of these campaigns?

A

Out of Trouble Campaign

86
Q

What does the Out of Trouble campaign see to do?

A

To reduce the number of children and young people in prison

87
Q

What does the Out for Good- Lessons of the Future campaign see to do?

A

Secure employment for prisoners on release

88
Q

What does Women In Prison campaign to do?

A

End the harm of prison and demonstrate there is another way

89
Q

What is the Women In Prison campaigning based on?

A

Whilst prison and the CJS harms women and families, it also harms men, victims, and communities

Criminology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions