Unit 4 AC2.1 Flashcards
Explain forms of social control
What is the defintion of social control
The strategies in place, preventing deviant human behaviour
Any action that encourages society to abide by the law is a form of social control
Why do we need social control
to allow society to function properly and avoid anomie by having shared consensus on morals and values
How many types of internal control are there
4
What are the 4 types of internal social controls
Moral Conscience
Traditions
Socialisation
Rational Ideology
What is the Moral Conscience as a internal social control
Freud psychanalytic theory - we conform to society because our superego tells us to, makes us feel guilt and tells us what is wrong
Allows us to exercise control and nt commit crime from out bad desires - ID
What are Traditions as a form of internal social control
Transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation
Cultural, religious or common practive/expectations
Confirms someones identity as a part of a group
Internalise the norms and morals - social learning theory
E.g religion - 10 commandements
What is Socialisation as a form of interal social control
The process of socialisation is the internalisation of traditions and morals conscious - this way societies rules and moral become our own
Gives us a willingness to conform to social norms
What is Rational Ideology as a form of internal social control
The decisions to commit a crime is a choice based on a rational calculation
People look at rewards of committingh the crime and making a rational choice as to whether they feel they out weigh and are more important than the consequences
What is a case study example where the two failed in adequate socialisation of general morals, internalised own morals
Fred and Rose West
Who agrees with rational ideology and says that incorrectc socialisation cause an under/over development or deviant superego
Freud
How does Social Learning theory link with Rational ideology and socialisation
People learn through vicarious reinforcement and in mediation process we observe and store in STM to assess the ability to perform - this happens during early socialisation
How does Kohlbergs moral Development Theory link to socialisation a
Socialisation allows you to develop a level of morality. Outline in 3 developmental stages, pre, conventional and post
How does Bowlbys Maternal Deprivation theory link to socialisation and internalisation
Lack of warmth and care from mother makes you internalise this behaviour and believe this is the appropriate way to behave - have same norms and values
What is meant by external forms of social control
Agencies external to the individual control how we behave
How many types of external forms of control are there
4
What are the 4 external forms of control
Sanctions
CJS
Coercion
Fear of punishment
What is meant by Sanctions as a form of external controls
Agenices such as the family/ friends/ teachers give children sanctions for bad behaviour to reinforce the social norms and expected behaviour
E.g Parents - Grounding
Friends - could shun you from the group
How do the judges within the CJS act as a form of external social control
Have power to create judicial precedent
Power to place appropriate sentencing, can go against guidelines
Use subjectivity in regards to mitigating and aggrivating factors
How do the police within the CJS act as a form of external social control
Physical force to detain
Presence of patrolling
stop and search
Advanced investigative techniques
Batons, pepper sprays, radios
Dog handlers, specialised units
How do the prison service within the CJS act as a form of social control
Influences release time
Influences license agreements and restrictions on release
Prison behind close doors
Bad treatment in prisons
Token economy
Influences parole hearings
How do the National Probation Service within the CJS act as a form of social control
Power to alert police for inappropriate behaviour
Recall to prison
Complete surprise home visits
Assign offenders to charities and programmes
Select meeting times and insist attendence
What is Coercion as a form of external social control
Use of force or threats to achieve a desired outcome
2 types: physical and non-physical
What is Fear of punishment as a form of external social control
Used to punish and deter the public
2 types: Individual and General deterrance
What is meant by individual deterrance
Punishment tailed to an individual appropriate to stop them reoffending
