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AP HUG > Unit 4 - 7 rapid > Flashcards

Unit 4 - 7 rapid Flashcards

1
Q

Nation

A

Group of people w/ shared culture and heritage

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2
Q

State

A

Formal term for a country

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3
Q

Cultural

A

Divides cultural groups

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4
Q

Antecedent

A

Drawn before populations get there

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5
Q

Superimposed

A

Drawn by foreign powers

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6
Q

Colonialism

A

A country takes over another

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7
Q

Centripetal force

A

Force bringing people together

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8
Q

Centrifugal force

A

Forces diving people

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9
Q

Subsistence Farming

A

Farming to support oneself

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10
Q

Commercial

A

Farming for profit

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11
Q

1st (Neolithic) Revolution

A

Shift from nomadic to secondary lifestyle (birth of agriculture)

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12
Q

Green Revolution

A

Advancements in plant biology and further technological development

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13
Q

Bid- Rent Theory

A

Relationship btw distance and price of land

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14
Q

Van Thunen Model

A

Relationship btw distance and products produced

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15
Q

Urbanization

A

The continuous development of cities and towns

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16
Q

Surburbanization

A

Movement to the outskirts of urban areas (rural -> urban)

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17
Q

Urban Sprawl

A

The excessive outward growth of cities, puts stress on the environment

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18
Q

Urban Challenges

A

Homelessness, rising costs, poor quality, destruction of wildlife

19
Q

Concentric Model

A

an urban model which suggests that cities grow outward from a central area in concentric rings, like the layers of an onion.

20
Q

Sector Model

A

describes the growth of US cities based on economic and physical geography.

21
Q

Multiple Nuclei Model

A

an urban center may have been founded with a CBD, other smaller CBD’s evolve on the outskirts of the city near the more high-class housing areas. This allows shorter commutes from the suburbs.

22
Q

Sub Saharan City Model

A

a generalized diagram of an urban area in sub-Saharan Africa that contains pre-colonial, European colonial, and post-colonial elements and is or was segregated by race.

23
Q

Southeast Asian City Model

A

City Model in that they each feature high-class residential zones that stem from the center, middle-class residential zones that occur in inner-city areas, and low-income squatter settlements that occur in the periphery.

24
Q

Latin American City Model

A

combines elements of Latin American Culture and globalization by combining radial sectors and concentric zones.

25
Q

Gentrification

A

Displaces poorer residents

26
Q

Redlining

A

illegal discriminatory practice in which a mortgage lender denies loans or an insurance provider restricts services to certain areas of a community, often because of the racial characteristics of the applicant’s neighbourhood.

27
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Process of re-drawing political voting districts to favor one political party

28
Q

Megacity

A

City over 10 million

29
Q

Metacity

A

City over 20 million

30
Q

Rank size rule

A

Predicts the development of population in different cities within the same country
- divide population of the largest city in the country by the rank of the city being examined

31
Q

Primate City

A

A city that has over double the population of the next largest city in that country

32
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Transition from an agricultural to manufacturing economic model, mainly happened in developed countries

33
Q

Industrialization

A

Industrialized countries = more power
Many industrial powers exploited for less power countries for money

34
Q

Core country

A

High income countries

35
Q

Semi- Periphery

A

Middle income countries

36
Q

Periphery

A

Low income countries

37
Q

Agglomeration

A

Clumping together of industries for mutual advantage.

38
Q

Special Economic Zones (SEZ)

A

A type of export processing zone, defined as port locations where foreign firms are given a special tax privileges to incentivize trade.

39
Q

Gender Related Development (GDI)

A

Takes the same indicators used to calculate HDI but replaces GDI per capita with income

40
Q

Human Development Index (HDI)

A

Designed by UN to measure the level of development of states based on numbers of social indicators in addition to economic production

41
Q

Gross National Income (GNI)

A

The dollar value of all the goods and services produced in a country, plus the dollar value of exports minus imports in the same.

(per capita) The estimated income of a person converted to U.S. dollars at currency exchange rate.

42
Q

Commodity Chain

A

A linked system of processes that gather resources, convert them into goods, package them for distribution, disperse them, and sell them on the market.

43
Q

5 stages of production

A

Primary - production
Secondary - supplying
Tertiary - buying
Quaternary- selling
Quinary- consumption of goods and services

AP HUG (4 decks)

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