Unit 1 -3 Rapid Flashcards
Space
Geometric surface of Earth
Spacial association
Connectedness/relationship btw variable over space
Toponym
Place name (can describe anything abt a place)
Sense Of Place
Feelings associated with distinctive characteristics associated with a place
Situation
Place’s interrelatedness with other surrounding factors
Density
Number of things in a specified area
Distribution
How spread out things are
Flow
Movement/interaction btw places
Small scale
Zoomed in
Large scale
Zoomed out
Scale of Analysis
Observation of data within context (boundaries matter)
Absolute distance
Can be measured in metrics (like km)
Relative distance
Distance between a place in relation to another place
Distance Decay
Farther places are = less connected they will be
Time-space compression
Technology has improved connectivity btw places although their distances may be the same (ex. People in the U.S. are more connected to people’s across the globe due to modern advancements like the airplane)
Functional (Nodel) Regions
Areas w/ a central place (node)
Reference Maps
Show where something is in space
Political Map
Man made boundaries (states)
Physical Map
Natural features
Road
Streets, alleys, highways
Plat
Property lines and land ownership
Locator
Used to show specific locations
Thematic Maps
Show spatial aspect of info or phenomenon
Chloropleth Map
Color variation to represent data
Isoline Map
Connected lines (topographic maps)
Dot Map
Distributed Dots
Cartograms
Simplified “carts” to show the real world places (differentiates in sizes)
Graduated Symbol
Symbols of varying size
Mercator Projection
S - Directions
W - Poles seem larger
Robinson Projection
S- No major distortions (looks like a globe)
W- size, shape, direction are distorted
Gall- Peters Projection
S- Correct size of landmasses
W- distorted shape near poles
Conic projection
S-realistic size and sheep
W- direction not constant
GIS (geographic information system)
Computer system analyzing, storing, and displaying info from digital maps (hardware/software for urban planning)
GPS (Global Positioning System)
Determine the exact location of something (locating boarders for mapping lines)
Remote Sensing
Cameras on satellites collect digital images of Earth’s surface (infrared sensors for monitoring sensors)
Site
Physical features
CBR/CDR
Crude Birth rate/ death rate (per 1000 people)
RNI
Rate of natural increase (CBR - CDR = RNI)
DTM (Demographic Transition Model)
Population patterns based on development
1- high BR and DR
2- high BR and low DR
3- high BR and low DR (slower)
4- low BR, low DR
5- Rising BR, low DR
Epidemiologic Transition Model
Death rates and causes based on development
*accounts for medical help
Malthusian Theory
The idea that we would run out of food to support the growing population; false
Push Factor
Negative factors pushing someone away from an area
Pull Factor
Positive factors attracting someone to an area
Assimilation
Majority of the culture over takes one’s own
Ethnocentrism
Belief that one’s culture is superior to another
Diffusion
The movement of ideas, behaviors, etc. over time
Expansion Diffusion
Spread of a cultural trait or idea through a population in a snowballing process.
Example: The spread of Christianity from its origin in Jerusalem throughout the Roman Empire and beyond.
Contagious Diffusion
Rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout a population.
The spread of a viral meme on social media platforms like Twitter or Instagram.
Hierarchical Diffusion
Spread of a cultural trait or idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places.
The adoption of high-fashion trends by wealthy individuals, which then trickle down to lower socioeconomic groups.
Stimulus Diffusion
Spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.
The diffusion of the concept of fast food globally, where the underlying principle of quick, convenient meals adapts to local tastes and preferences.
Relocation Diffusion
Spread of a cultural trait through physical movement of people from one place to another.
The spread of Buddhism from its origin in India to East Asia through the missionary travels of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) and his followers.
Pidgin
Simplified communication w/ limited grammar
Creole
2 different languages mix to form one
Lingua Franca
Common language used for standard communication
