Unit 4

Question 1

A systematic form of data examination,
characterized by visual inspection of
graphical displays of those data

Answer 1

Visual Data Analysis

Question 2

1. Data may be embedded in text.
2. Data may be presented in summary
   form, usually as a structured data
   table (a numerical representation of
   data).
3. Data may be presented in graphical
   form (a visual representation of data).

Answer 2

Types of Data Display

Question 3

A relatively simple visual format for

displaying data.

Answer 3

Graph

Question 4

Equal interval line graph
Cumulative records
Bar graph
Semi logarithmic graphs

Answer 4

Graphic displays used in ABA

Question 5

Based on a Cartesian* plane, a twodimensional
area formed by the intersection
of two perpendicular lines (one vertical, one
horizontal).

Answer 5

Equal Interval Line Graph

Question 6

Any point within the plane of the chart
represents a specific relationship between
the two variables (dimensions) measured
along each of the axis lines.

Answer 6

Simple Line Graph

Question 7

Most commonly used format for
charting ABA data
Used to evaluate treatment
effectiveness
Used in functional analyses

Answer 7

Common uses of Line Graphs

Question 8

The horizontal X-axis
The vertical Y-axis
Data points
The data path
Condition and phase change lines
Condition and phase change labels
Figure legend

Answer 8

Parts of an Equal Interval Line Graph

Question 9

X-axis.
The abscissa.
Represents the passage of time.

Answer 9

Horizontal Axis

Question 10

Y-axis
The ordinate
Represents the range of values of the
dependent variable

Answer 10

Vertical Axis

Question 11

Can be marked according to the needs of the
behavior analyst, to promote the most useful
analysis
Can be marked as any specified
recorded observation periods, over a
period of time

Answer 11

X-Axis Units

Question 12

Equal movements up the Y-axis represent
equal increases in the behavior
The behavior should be expressed in whole
time units

Answer 12

Y-Axis Units

Question 13

Runs from zero up to some number which is

chosen by the creator of the graph

Answer 13

Y-Axis Range

Question 14

An individually measured value of the target

behavior (the DV) at a given point in time

Answer 14

Data Points

Question 15

A series of straight lines connecting
successive data points within a phase or
condition.
It represents the relationship between the IV
and the DV.

Answer 15

Data Path

Question 16

Major changes occur in the independent
variable
A major (usually permanent) change in the
environment

Answer 16

Phase Changes

Question 17

Document phase changes
placed at a point along the X-axis indicating
the point in time when the phase change
occurred
for a clear visual separation between the
data charted before the phase change, and
the data collected after the phase change

Answer 17

Phase Change Lines

Question 18

Minor changes occur in the independent
variable
A minor (usually temporary) change in the
environment

Answer 18

Condition Change Lines

Question 19

States what time periods are represented by

each successive data point

Answer 19

X-Axis Label

Question 20

States what response measure was used to
measure the dependent variable – the target
behavior

Answer 20

Y-Axis Label

Question 21

Brief labels, placed at the top of the chart,
and identify each separate major phase of
treatment

Answer 21

Phase Labels

Question 22

Mark changes occurring within a phase

Answer 22

Condition Labels

Question 23

A concise statement that provides you with:
Sufficient information to identify the
dependent variables and the independent
variables, and
Possibly other salient information necessary
to visually interpret the data.

Answer 23

Figure Legend

Question 24

Level
Variability
Trend
The number of data points

Answer 24

Visual Analysis of Graph

Question 25

The mean (average) value of a set of data
points, usually across an entire condition or
phase.

Answer 25

Level

Question 26

The overall direction taken by the data path

through a set of data points

Answer 26

Trend

Question 27

The extent to which measures of behavior
under the same environmental conditions
diverge from one another.

Answer 27

Variability

Question 28

Outlying data points skew the level line in a
way that makes it non-representative of the
data set as a whole

Answer 28

Median Level

Question 29

The direction and degree of trend in a series
of graphically displayed data points can be
visually represented with a straight line
drawn through the data.

Answer 29

Trend Lines

Question 30

Bisect the data, with close to an equal
number of data points above the line as
below the line.

Answer 30

Best Fit Line (Equal Interval Line)

Question 31

A mathematical way to calculate trend

Answer 31

Split Middle Line of Progress

Question 32

Developed by Skinner as the primary means
of data collection and analysis in EAB
laboratory research

Answer 32

Cumulative Record

Question 33

It is primarily used in EAB.
Each response moves the ink stylus one
unit (click) along its track.
When it reaches the end of the track, it
resets to zero and begins moving again,
one click at a time.
Paper moves under the stylus at a steady
rate

Answer 33

Cumulative Recorder

Question 34

The vertical axis represents the value of a
dependent variable
The horizontal axis represents a phase,
condition, or classification variable

Answer 34

Bar Graph (Histogram)