Unit 4 Flashcards
Trojan
A native of Troy
Mycenaeans
An indo-European person who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 bc
Trojan war
A war in 1200 bc in which a Mycenaean army attacked Troy
Paris
Captured Helen and started Trojan war
Helen
Face launched a thousand ships; menelaus’ wife
Menelaus
King of Sparta, husband of Helen, brother of Agamemnon
Agamemnon
Mycenaean king who commanded Greeks at Troy
Hector
Greatest Trojan hero in Trojan war, killed by Achilles
Achilles
Invincible except for his heel; greatest warrior in Iliad
Trojan horse
Built as a gift for Troy and the Greeks hid inside and attacked
Dorians
Greek ethnicity on Crete
Homer
Author of the Iliad and the odyssey; unknown gender
The Iliad
Homers writing; tells of Trojan war and the fall of Troy
The odyssey
Odysseus ten year journey home
Mythology
A collection of myths usually passed down by culture
Polis
Greek city-state
Acropolis
A fortified hilltop in Ancient Greece
Monarchy
Single person ruled government
Oligarchy
Government ruled by few powerful people
Aristocracy
Government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families
Tyrants
Evil dictators
Direct democracy
A government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives
Representative democracy
A government in which representatives rule directly rather than citizens
Persian war
A series of wars in which Greek city-states battled the Persian empire
Phalanx
A military formation of foot soldiers armed with shields and swords
Marathon
25000 Persian men across the Aegean Sea and landed northeast of Athens on a plain called this
Thermopylae
A narrow mountain pass
Delian league
A league of islands owned by reigning war winners
Pericles
Led Athens in its golden age
Classical art
Their values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion became this standard
Tragedy and comedy
Mainly used genres of plays; Tragedy is a serious drama; comedy is humorous
Peloponnesian war
Athens vs Sparta
Philosophers
A thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and mortality.
Socrates
Believed absolute standards did exist for truth and justice
Plato
Had ideal society and ideal government
Aristotle
Questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge
Alexander the Great
Ruler of Mycenaeans
Hellenistic culture
Blending between Egyptian, Greek, Indian, and Persian cultures
Describe in detail at least three influences Classical Greece had on America today?
Architecture, light houses, alphabet
Describe the geography of Greece. How did it impact the development of city-states?
Mainland Greece is a mountainous land almost completely surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea. Greece has more than 1400 islands. Neighboring so grew up independent
