Unit 4

Question 1

Define & describe Solitude

Answer 1

Alone time; time of inactivity; therapeutic to the older adult; include periods of solitude in the care plan

Question 2

Define & describe Gratitude

Answer 2

Appreciative; sense of thankfulness & positivity; focus on what one has opposed to what they do not have

Question 3

Define & describe Transcendence

Answer 3

A reality beyond oneself; makes sense of circumstances

Question 4

Identifying/Acknowledging the importance of spirtuality for aging clients #1

Answer 4

Concept or philosophy of spirituality; comfort in knowing connection greater than self

Question 5

Identifying/Acknowledging the importance of spirtuality for aging clients #2

Answer 5

All humans have spiritual needs; underutilized services; some may not realize they have a spiritual need

Question 6

Describe Eriksons sense of integrity (final G&D task)

Answer 6

Life experiences have meaning & sense of purpose

Question 7

Nurse role: Assessment of spiritual needs & how to support clients #1

Answer 7

Foster holistic care;
Faith beliefs & practices (Ask “is there anything or practice that can bring you comfort)

Question 8

Nurse role: Assessment of spiritual needs & how to support clients #2

Answer 8

Affiliation with faith community;
are spiritual needs met?

Question 9

Nurse role: Assisting in discovering meaning in challenging sitituations

Answer 9

express an open & nonjudgemental attitude

Question 10

Nurse role: be familiar with steps to assist & facilitate religious practices or behaviors

Answer 10

Contact clergy for confession; allow pt to display religious articles & ensure safe care of these articles

Question 11

Nurse role: noted spiritual distress

Answer 11

Red flags- depression, flat affect, crying (Offer help & honor clients wishes)

Question 12

Praying with & for

Answer 12

Positive link between health &. healing & prayer; offer prayer, hold their hand(if nurse doesn’t feel comfortable find a coworker so they can pray for pt)

Question 13

Performing a sexual health assessment on the aging client

Answer 13

Perform a sexual health assessment; ask permission to ask questions (increase knowledge, promote understanding)

Question 14

Be familiar with medications that contribute to a lack of sexual interest & an example

Answer 14

-Prescribed medications
-otc’s
-herbal & alternatives
(ex antidepressants- decrease libido)

Question 15

Be familiar with medical conditions that contribute to a lack of sexual interest & an example

Answer 15

Review medical health for health conditions that interfere with sexual function (Ex. diabetics- causes ED, diuretics- diminish sexual function

Question 16

Hormone therapy for the menopausal woman

Answer 16

-Age @ the start of HRT altus risk, risk benefit ratio <60 yrs within 10 yrs of menopause , individualized treatment; based on age; time since menopause

Question 17

Identifying barriers to sexual activities for the aging male #1

Answer 17

-unavailability of a partner(most older men are married, most older women are widowed)

Question 18

Identifying barriers to sexual activities for the aging male #2

Answer 18

Psychological barriers
- fear of losing sexual abilities, concern about body image, relationship issues
-Key concept: many may suppress sexual needs rather than deal with stresses of establishing new relationships

Question 19

Be familiar with how medications affect sexual activity (women)

Answer 19

Decreased level of estrogen, virginity, prolapsed, uterus, cystocele

Question 20

Be familiar with how medications affect sexual activity (men)

Answer 20

Prostatisis, infections of genitalia, arterischolsis

Question 21

Name some non-drug treatment modalities to prevent sexual activity barriers #2

Answer 21

Physical Health – Encourage exercise, good nutrition, and weight management.
Adaptations – Suggest positions, lubricants, or techniques for physical limitations.

Question 22

Name some non-drug treatment modalities to prevent sexual activity barriers #3

Answer 22

Emotional Connection – Promote non-sexual intimacy like cuddling or massage.
Assistive Devices – Recommend aids (e.g., glasses, hearing aids) if needed.

Question 23

Be familiar with how medications affect sexual activity (both sexes)

Answer 23

Cardiovasculor & respiratory disease, arthritis, diabetics, stroke & alcoholism

Question 24

Impotence also known as

Answer 24

Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

Question 25

Changes due to andropause

Answer 25

ED, Reduced libido, Breast enlargement, emotional/cognitive changes, osteopenia/osteoporosis(higher risk for chronic renal disease; type 2 diabetes)

Question 26

Medication adverse effects (can affect potency, libido, orgasm & ejaculation)

Answer 26

-antianxiety/ bensodiazepines -antidepressants -antihistimines, antihypertensive, diuretics

Question 27

Be familiar with how some medical conditions can affect sexual activity

Answer 27

Review how medications for these conditions (e.g., antihypertensives, antidepressants) might affect libido or sexual performance.

Question 28

Name some non-drug treatment modalities to prevent sexual activity barriers #1

Answer 28

Education – Teach about normal aging changes and promote open communication. Comfort – Create a private, relaxing environment. Counseling – Address emotional concerns like anxiety or depression.

Question 29

Define Frailty

Answer 29

condition where person has poor endurance and weakness

Question 30

Define Disability

Answer 30

inability to perform activities normally

Question 31

Define Rehabilitative care

Answer 31

Therapies developed by physicians and therapists focused on returning individuals to their previous level of function

Question 32

Define Restorative care

Answer 32

care that assists people in maintaining or improving current level of function, avoiding decline & complications and achieving highest possible quality of life

Question 33

Define ADLs

Answer 33

activities of daily living: toileting, feeding, dressing, grooming, bathing and ambulation

Question 34

What is the main focus of care when dealing with the significance and prevalence of chronic conditions that lead to frailty & disability

Answer 34

saving lives, preserving quality of life, focus on function not dysfunction

Question 35

what would the nurse emphasize & identify key concepts the lead to frailty & disability

Answer 35

to maximize self care capabilities, remind the client what they still have; continue to treat them as a responsible individual

Question 36

identifying s/s of frailty (s/s)

Answer 36

s/s: poor endurance, fatigue, low activity levels, inactivity, reduced speed in ambulations, weak grip strength, heightened risk of adverse outcomes; slow recovery for infection (injury: psychosocial stresses; other stressors)

Question 37

Describe the nurses role regarding & assessment of frailty

Answer 37

A review of body systems & s/s of frailtyment, interventions aiimed at postponing frailty & improving self care

Question 38

Identify examples of nurse guided interventions to prevent or postpone fraitly

Answer 38

ex muscle strengthening excercises, correct weight loss, improved nutrition

Question 39

Identify appropriate nursing actions of prevent frailty used as an effort to postpone frailty

Question 40

Identify the priority goal of rehabilitative care

Answer 40

improvement of functional capacity, ensuring the return of previous level functioning, promotes sense of well-being

Question 41

identify the key concepts of rehabilitative care

Answer 41

emphasize function rather than dysfunction; ex skilled rehab care involves physical, occupational & speech therapies; lack of financial reimbursement limits options for some individuals

Question 42

Name 2 recommendations associated with range of motion

Answer 42

1) all joints should be put through full ROM at least once a day 2) most important is joint movement

Question 43

identify signs that warrant stopping an exercise

Answer 43

-Resting heart rate ≥100 beats/min -Exercise heart rate ≥35% above resting heart rate -Increase/decrease in systolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg -Angina -Dyspnea, pallor, cyanosis -Dizziness, poor coordination -Diaphoresis -Acute confusion, restlessness

Question 44

Define Hypoxia

Answer 44

condition in which the body's tissues don't receive enough oxygen

Question 45

define UTI

Answer 45

a bacterial infection that occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply

Question 46

Identify recommendations regarding urinary catheter insertion

Answer 46

avoidance of urinary cath. if possible, foley insertion only when necessary. Increases risk for inection; uti

Question 47

Describe useful measures to promote optimal functional independence- aseptic technique & infection control

Question 48

Describe useful measures to promote optimal functional independence- aseptic technique & infection control

Question 49

Be familiar with preoperative considerations - preoperative assessment & provide example #1

Answer 49

-Review of medications: Patient may not have informed health care provider of all medications, OTC, or herbal preparations—Always review meds -Preoperative screening completed

Question 50

Be familiar with preoperative considerations - preoperative assessment & provide example #2

Answer 50

-Provide appropriate padding if needed: Reduce post-op muscle & bone soreness -Promote infection control: Reduce incidence nosocomial infections -Ensure informed consent has been obtained

Question 51

Describe factors responsible for the high risk of infection in older adults #1

Answer 51

Atypical presentation of symptoms: infection- any abrupt, unexplained change in physical or mental function

Question 52

Describe factors responsible for the high risk of infection in older adults #2

Answer 52

Driven by age-related changes: - altered antigen-antibody response -Decreased respiratory activity; reduced ability to expel secretions from lungs -Weaker bladder muscles:urinary retention; prostatic hypertrophy; increased alkalinity of vaginal secretions -Increased fragility of the skin & mucous membrane